College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 Apr;150:318-331. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.08.001. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
The relationship between chemodiversity and microbial succession in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is highly intricate and bidirectional. The specific contribution of the microbial community to changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within different biological treatment units remains unclear, as does the reciprocal influence of DOM composition on microbial succession. In this study, spectroscopy ((Excitation-emission matrix) EEM-PARAFAC, Ultraviolet (UV)-spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR)), Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC‒MS) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MS along with high-throughput sequencing technology were used to explore the relationship between chemodiversity and microbial succession in WWTPs concerning seasonal changes. The results showed that WWTPs with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (AO) processes can metabolize and transform most of the wastewater DOM, and the anaerobic unit has the highest removal rate for fluorescence DOM (FDOM, 14.07%-64.43%); the anaerobic unit increased aliphatic/proteins and lignin-like molecules but decreased relative intensity, while the anoxic unit removed unsaturated hydrocarbons, aromatic structures, and lignin-like substances. The impact of seasonal changes on the composition and removal of FDOM and DOM in wastewater treatment is significant, and the variations that occur during different seasons affect microbial activity, as well as the production, degradation, and transformation of organic compounds throughout the wastewater treatment process. Network analysis shows that Parcubacteria_genera_incertae_sedis plays a crucial role in DOM chemodiversity, highlighting the crucial contribution of microbial communities to both the structure and operation of the entire DOM network. The results in this study could provide some theoretical and practical basis for guiding the process optimization of WWTPs.
污水处理厂（WWTP）中化学多样性与微生物演替之间的关系非常复杂且相互影响。微生物群落对不同生物处理单元中溶解有机物（DOM）组成变化的具体贡献尚不清楚，DOM 组成对微生物演替的相互影响也不清楚。在这项研究中，采用光谱学（激发-发射矩阵（EEM-PARAFAC）、紫外（UV）光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR））、液相色谱质谱联用仪（LC-MS）和傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT-ICR MS）以及高通量测序技术，探讨了 WWTP 中化学多样性与微生物演替之间的关系，同时考虑了季节性变化。结果表明，具有厌氧/缺氧/好氧（AO）工艺的 WWTP 可以代谢和转化大部分废水 DOM，厌氧单元对荧光 DOM（FDOM，14.07%-64.43%）的去除率最高；厌氧单元增加了脂肪族/蛋白质和木质素类分子，但降低了相对强度，而缺氧单元去除了不饱和烃、芳香结构和木质素类物质。季节性变化对废水处理中 FDOM 和 DOM 的组成和去除有显著影响，不同季节的变化会影响微生物活性，以及有机物在整个废水处理过程中的产生、降解和转化。网络分析表明， Parcubacteria_genera_incertae_sedis 在 DOM 化学多样性中起着关键作用，突出了微生物群落对整个 DOM 网络结构和运行的重要贡献。本研究的结果可为指导 WWTP 工艺优化提供一些理论和实践依据。
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