Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct;45(10):814-823. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.005. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
A healthy mammalian central nervous system (CNS) harbors a diverse population of leukocytes including members of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Exerting their specific functions, CNS tissue-resident macrophages as well as associated monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) maintain CNS homeostasis. Under neuroinflammatory conditions, leukocytes from the systemic immune compartment invade the CNS. This review focuses on the newly discovered roles of the MPS in autoimmune neuroinflammation elicited by encephalitogenic T cells. We propose that CNS-associated DCs act as gatekeepers and antigen-presenting cells that guide the adaptive immune response while bone marrow (BM)-derived monocytes contribute to immunopathology and tissue damage. By contrast, CNS-resident macrophages primarily support tissue function and promote the repair and maintenance of CNS functions.
健康的哺乳动物中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中存在着多种白细胞，包括单核吞噬细胞系统 (MPS) 的成员。CNS 组织驻留的巨噬细胞以及相关的单核细胞和树突状细胞 (DC) 发挥其特定功能，维持 CNS 的内稳态。在神经炎症条件下，来自系统免疫区室的白细胞侵入 CNS。本综述重点介绍了 MPS 在由致脑炎 T 细胞引发的自身免疫性神经炎症中的新发现作用。我们提出，与 CNS 相关的 DC 作为门控和抗原呈递细胞，指导适应性免疫反应，而骨髓 (BM) 衍生的单核细胞则有助于免疫病理学和组织损伤。相比之下，CNS 驻留的巨噬细胞主要支持组织功能，并促进 CNS 功能的修复和维持。
