Chen Yi-Lung, Yen Cheng-Fang, Lai Yu-Hung, Hsiao Ray C, Chou Wei-Po
Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2025;47:e20233515. doi: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3515. Epub 2024 Sep 22.
In this population-based cohort study, we compared the risks of incident hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those without ASD.
This study included children who were born in Taiwan at any time between 2004 and 2017, using data from the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database (TMCHD). We included 20,688 children with ASD and 2,062,120 matched controls to estimate the risks of incident hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus. Cox proportional hazards regression models were conducted for risk assessment. Models were adjusted for sex, calendar year of birth, and gestational age at birth. Statistical significance was determined through adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95%CIs.
Children with ASD had higher risks of incident hyperopia (aHR: 1.78; 95%CI 1.70-1.86), myopia (aHR: 1.27; 95%CI 1.24-1.30), astigmatism (aHR: 1.51; 95%CI 1.46-1.56), and strabismus (aHR: 2.18; 95%CI 2.05-2.32) compared to children without ASD.
Clinicians should screen children with ASD for potential eye conditions. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms linking ASD with eye diseases. In addition, studies should explore how the type and severity of ASD symptoms influence the detection of these eye conditions.
在这项基于人群的队列研究中，我们比较了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童和非ASD儿童发生远视、近视、散光和斜视的风险。
本研究纳入了2004年至2017年期间在台湾出生的儿童，使用台湾妇幼健康数据库（TMCHD）的数据。我们纳入了20688名ASD儿童和2062120名匹配的对照组，以估计发生远视、近视、散光和斜视的风险。采用Cox比例风险回归模型进行风险评估。模型对性别、出生年份和出生时的孕周进行了调整。通过调整后的风险比（aHRs）和95%置信区间确定统计学显著性。
与非ASD儿童相比，ASD儿童发生远视（aHR：1.78；95%CI 1.70 - 1.86）、近视（aHR：1.27；95%CI 1.24 - 1.30）、散光（aHR：1.51；95%CI 1.46 - 1.56）和斜视（aHR：2.18；95%CI 2.05 - 2.32）的风险更高。
临床医生应对ASD儿童进行潜在眼部疾病的筛查。需要进一步研究阐明ASD与眼部疾病之间的联系机制。此外，研究应探索ASD症状的类型和严重程度如何影响这些眼部疾病的检测。
