Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq.
Open Vet J. 2024 Aug;14(8):2029-2039. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i8.32. Epub 2024 Aug 31.
Tick is one of the most important ectoparasites distributed worldwide and plays an obvious role in the transmission of different infections to humans and animals as dogs.
This study conducted to molecular demonstration of in ticks of stray dogs and phylogenetic analysis of study isolates to detect their identity to global isolates. Prevalence of ticks in dogs, identification of tick species, and their relationship to some risk factors were aimed, also.
A total of 97 stray dogs were inspected grossly to detect and collect ticks that existed in different body parts. After collection, all ticks were examined morphologically to identify their species, and then molecularly by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect in different species of ticks. Local isolates were sequenced, documented in the National Center For biotechnology information (NCBI) database, analyzed phylogenetically, and compared with the global GenBank-NCBI isolates.
In the current study, ticks were detected in 43.3% of dogs, and were shown to be varied in number and distribution among different body parts of each dog. Concerning its distribution, ticks were observed significantly on the abdomen, ear, and perineal region. In relation to risk factors, ticks were increased significantly in dogs <6 months old in comparison to older dogs, males more than females; and in rural areas more than dogs of sub-urban and urban areas. Based on morphology, different tick species were seen including (86.12%), (11.99%), and (1.89%). Targeting the gene, PCR assay reported 3.79% positive ticks to that were seen in (13.16%) and (2.56%). Based on phylogenetic analysis data of five local isolates, this study demonstrated their close relations to the global NCBI-BLAST Iraqi isolate (ID: MN385424.1).
This represents the first Iraqi study that demonstrated molecularly in different species of ticks that infected stray dogs.
蜱是分布最广的重要外寄生虫之一，在向人类和动物（如狗）传播不同感染方面发挥着明显作用。
本研究旨在通过分子检测，对流浪犬体内的蜱进行鉴定，并对分离株进行系统发育分析，以确定其与全球分离株的同源性。同时，还旨在检测蜱在犬中的流行情况、鉴定蜱的种类及其与某些危险因素的关系。
共检查了 97 只流浪犬，以发现和收集存在于不同身体部位的蜱。收集后，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测，对所有蜱进行形态学检查，以确定其种类，然后进行分子检测，以检测不同蜱种中的 。对分离株进行测序、在国家生物技术信息中心（NCBI）数据库中记录、系统发育分析，并与全球 GenBank-NCBI 分离株进行比较。
在本研究中，43.3%的犬中检测到蜱，且蜱的数量和分布在每只犬的不同身体部位存在差异。就其分布而言，蜱在腹部、耳朵和会阴部观察到的数量明显较多。在与危险因素的关系方面，与年龄较大的犬相比，<6 个月大的犬、雄性犬比雌性犬、农村地区的犬比城郊和城市地区的犬，蜱的数量明显增加。根据形态学特征，观察到了不同的蜱种，包括 （86.12%）、 （11.99%）和 （1.89%）。针对 基因，PCR 检测报告称，有 3.79%的蜱呈阳性，这些蜱存在于 （13.16%）和 （2.56%）中。根据 5 株本地 分离株的系统发育分析数据，本研究表明，它们与全球 NCBI-BLAST 伊拉克分离株（ID：MN385424.1）密切相关。
这是伊拉克首次证明了不同种类的感染流浪犬的蜱中存在分子水平的 。
