Ray Suryapratap, Vashishth Rahul
Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
Toxicol Rep. 2024 Sep 8;13:101727. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101727. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Environmental pollutants which are developing an alarming situation in the contemporary world captured attention in the present research. When it comes to food safety and security concerns it becomes an important field to be studied rigorously as food contributes majorly to human and animal health. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals (HMs) ultimately results in adverse effect on the food chain, which is covered in the current study. Fish is considered to be one of the main components of a balanced diet plate due to its high-quality protein, which sets it apart from other dietary sources. On the other hand, it is also susceptible to the absorption and bioaccumulation of HMs at toxic levels. In our study, we have considered three different species ( and ) of fish collected from Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu (India). Three organs namely liver, gill, and muscle were taken into consideration for the HM profiling using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) were found to be in varied concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.13, 0.89-1.45, 9.95-30.66, 0.14-1.62, and 24.69-189.5 µg/kg respectively, in the studied organs of fish. Carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk assessments were also done indicating a notable level of Pb and Cr in selected fish species. The Hazard Index (HI) for was >1 for adults and children, indicating future possibility of probable health hazards on daily consumption of these fish. In , the cancer risk (CR) values for Cr and As were significantly high, particularly for children, indicating a possible occurrence of acute health risk as it exceeded the threshold of 1 × 10 and suggesting a significant concern. Though consumption of fish on daily basis in such significant quantity is practically impossible both for adult and children, rendering these species safe.
在当代世界中，环境污染物正呈现出令人担忧的态势，这在本研究中受到了关注。谈到食品安全和保障问题，由于食物对人类和动物健康起着主要作用，因此它成为一个需要严格研究的重要领域。重金属（HMs）对水生生态系统的污染最终会对食物链产生不利影响，本研究涵盖了这一内容。由于鱼类富含优质蛋白质，被认为是均衡饮食盘中的主要成分之一，这使其有别于其他饮食来源。另一方面，它也容易吸收和生物累积达到有毒水平的重金属。在我们的研究中，我们考虑了从印度泰米尔纳德邦坎亚库马里采集的三种不同鱼类（ 和 ）。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对肝脏、鳃和肌肉这三个器官进行重金属剖析。在所研究的鱼类器官中，砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）的浓度各不相同，分别为0.1至1.13、0.89 - 1.45、9.95 - 30.66、0.14 - 1.62和24.69 - 189.5 µg/kg。还进行了致癌和非致癌风险评估，结果表明某些鱼类中的铅和铬含量显著。 的危害指数（HI）对于成年人和儿童均大于1，这表明每天食用这些鱼类未来可能对健康造成危害。在 中，铬和砷的癌症风险（CR）值显著较高，尤其是对儿童而言，这表明由于其超过了1×10的阈值，可能会出现急性健康风险，令人十分担忧。尽管成年人和儿童实际上都不太可能每天大量食用这些鱼类，但仍需确保这些鱼类的安全性。
