Balamanikandan Vijayakumar, Shalini Rajendran, Arisekar Ulaganathan, Shakila Robinson Jeya, Padmavathy Pandurangan, Sivaraman Balasubramanian, Devanesan Sandhanasamy, Sundhar Shanmugam, AlSalhi Mohamad S, Mythili R, Kim Woong
Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr.J.Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, 628 008, India.
Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr.J.Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, 628 008, India.
Environ Geochem Health. 2024 May 2;46(6):187. doi: 10.1007/s10653-024-01909-4.
The presence of toxic trace elements (TEs) has resulted in a worldwide deterioration in freshwater ecosystem quality. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of TEs, including chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), in water, sediment, and organs of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) collected from selected inland water bodies in Tamil Nadu, India. The water samples exhibited a range of concentrations for TEs: Cr varied from 0.014 to 5.193 µg/L, Ni ranged from 0.283 to 11.133 µg/L, As ranged from 0.503 to 1.519 µg/L, Cd from 0.001 to 0.616 µg/L, and Pb ranged from non-detectable (ND) to 6.103 µg/L. The concentrations of TEs in sediment were found to vary within the following ranges: 5.259 to 32.621 mg/kg for Cr, 1.932 to 30.487 mg/kg for Ni, 0.129 to 0.563 mg/kg for As, 0.003 to 0.011 mg/kg for Cd, ND to 0.003 mg/kg for Hg, and 0.404 to 1.575 mg/kg for Pb. The study found that the accumulation pattern of TE in fishes across all selected areas was liver > bone > gill > muscle. The organs had TE concentrations of Cr (ND-0.769 mg/kg), Ni (ND-1.053 mg/kg), As (0.002-0.080 mg/kg), Pb (ND-0.411 mg/kg), and Hg (ND-0.067 mg/kg), which was below the maximum residual limit prescribed by EC and FSSAI. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of TEs exhibited a greater magnitude in comparison with the biota-sediment accumulation factor due to the higher concentration of TEs in fish and lower level in water. The assessment of both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks suggests that the consumption of Tilapia from the study region does not pose any significant risks.
有毒微量元素（TEs）的存在导致全球淡水生态系统质量恶化。本研究旨在分析从印度泰米尔纳德邦选定内陆水体采集的罗非鱼（莫桑比克罗非鱼）的水、沉积物和器官中铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、砷（As）、汞（Hg）、镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）等微量元素的分布情况。水样中微量元素的浓度范围如下：Cr为0.014至5.193微克/升，Ni为0.283至11.133微克/升，As为0.503至1.519微克/升，Cd为0.001至0.616微克/升，Pb为未检出（ND）至6.103微克/升。沉积物中微量元素的浓度范围如下：Cr为5.259至32.621毫克/千克，Ni为1.932至30.487毫克/千克，As为0.129至0.563毫克/千克，Cd为0.003至0.011毫克/千克，Hg为未检出至0.003毫克/千克，Pb为0.404至1.575毫克/千克。研究发现，所有选定区域鱼类中微量元素的积累模式为肝脏＞骨骼＞鳃＞肌肉。这些器官中Cr（未检出 - 0.769毫克/千克）、Ni（未检出 - 1.053毫克/千克）、As（0.002 - 0.080毫克/千克）、Pb（未检出 - 0.411毫克/千克）和Hg（未检出 - 0.067毫克/千克）的浓度低于欧盟委员会（EC）和印度食品安全与标准管理局（FSSAI）规定的最大残留限量。由于鱼类中微量元素浓度较高而水中浓度较低，微量元素的生物富集系数（BCF）与生物 - 沉积物积累系数相比幅度更大。致癌和非致癌风险评估表明，食用研究区域的罗非鱼不会带来任何重大风险。
