Wakeling James M, Smiešková Stanislava, Vajda Matej, Busta Jan
Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
Hamar Institute for Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Sep 17;9(3):167. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9030167.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Becoming an elite canoe slalom athlete requires thousands of hours of training, spread over many years. It is difficult to assess the correct balance between flatwater and whitewater training because differences in the paddle forces on these terrains are not known. The aim of this study was to describe paddle forces during canoe slalom training on flatwater and whitewater courses for the C1 canoe category.
Paddle forces for twenty C1 canoe slalom athletes were quantified during all-out figure-of-eight tests on a flatwater course and during race simulations on a whitewater course. Paddle forces were measured using strain gauges embedded in the paddle shaft and quantified by their force, impulse, and stroke durations.
The mean force during the pull phase of the paddle strokes was not significantly different between the flatwater and whitewater courses; however, the longer pull phase durations led to a greater pull phase impulse when paddling on the whitewater course.
This study indicates that training for all-out runs on a whitewater course is more demanding for canoe slalom athletes than performing all-out trials on a flatwater figure-of-eight course. This evidence may help to develop effective training plans that are essential to reach the highest levels of the sport.
背景/目的：成为一名精英皮划艇激流回旋运动员需要在多年时间里进行数千小时的训练。由于尚不清楚在静水和白水训练中划桨力的差异，因此很难评估两者之间的正确平衡。本研究的目的是描述C1皮划艇类别在静水和白水赛道上进行皮划艇激流回旋训练时的划桨力。
在静水赛道上进行的全力8字测试以及在白水赛道上进行的比赛模拟过程中，对20名C1皮划艇激流回旋运动员的划桨力进行了量化。使用嵌入桨轴的应变片测量划桨力，并通过其力、冲量和划桨持续时间进行量化。
在静水和白水赛道上，划桨冲程拉动阶段的平均力没有显著差异；然而，在白水赛道上划桨时，较长的拉动阶段持续时间导致更大的拉动阶段冲量。
本研究表明，对于皮划艇激流回旋运动员来说，在白水赛道上进行全力冲刺训练比在静水8字赛道上进行全力测试要求更高。这一证据可能有助于制定有效的训练计划，这对于达到该运动的最高水平至关重要。
