Giménez Almudena, Gallegos-Cedillo Victor M, Benaissa Rachida Rania, Egea-Gilabert Catalina, Signore Angelo, Ochoa Jesús, Gruda Nazim S, Arnao Marino B, Fernández Juan A
Department of Agronomical Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
Department of Soil, Plants and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Sep 9;15:1441884. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1441884. eCollection 2024.
Cascade cropping systems (CCS) utilize leachate from a primary crop to grow secondary crops and enhance the efficient use of water and fertilizers in areas with scarce water resources. A preliminary study investigated the effect of melatonin in a cascade cropping system to potentially improve plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. This study aimed to cultivate in this cropping system to reduce nutrient discharge and assess the impact of exogenous melatonin on Salicornia growth and quality. The CCS included a primary crop of Salicornia grown in an agro-industrial compost or peat. Leachates from these media were used to cultivate the same plant once again in a floating system under four treatments: compost leachate (T1), peat leachate (T2), 100% nutrient solution (NS) (T3), 50% NS (T4) strength. Four concentrations of exogenous melatonin were applied in foliar spray: 0, 100, 200, and 400 µM. Melatonin application increased yield, with the highest values observed when plants were grown in T1. Water use efficiency was also maximized in T1 and with both 200 and 400 µM melatonin applications. The highest nitrogen use efficiency was achieved in plants grown in peat leachate. The lipid membrane damage was assessed revealing that plants grown in compost leachate exhibited the lowest MDA values regardless of melatonin concentrations. The accumulation of some antinutritional compounds (nitrate, oxalate, and sodium) were the highest in those plants grown in compost leachate. Overall, shoots grown in peat leachate exhibited the best phytochemical profile (total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity), with peak values in plants treated with 200 µM melatonin. These findings suggest that can be effectively cultivated using leachate from a previous crop in a floating system and that exogenous melatonin application enhances the yield and nutritional quality of Salicornia shoots.
级联种植系统（CCS）利用主要作物的渗滤液来种植次生作物，并提高水资源稀缺地区水和肥料的利用效率。一项初步研究调查了褪黑素在级联种植系统中的作用，以潜在地提高植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性。本研究旨在在此种植系统中进行栽培，以减少养分排放，并评估外源褪黑素对盐角草生长和品质的影响。CCS包括在农业工业堆肥或泥炭中种植的主要作物盐角草。这些介质的渗滤液用于在漂浮系统中再次种植同一植物，设置四种处理：堆肥渗滤液（T1）、泥炭渗滤液（T2）、100%营养液（NS）（T3）、50%NS强度（T4）。通过叶面喷施施用四种浓度的外源褪黑素：0、100、200和400μM。施用褪黑素提高了产量，在T1中种植的植物产量最高。T1以及施用200和400μM褪黑素时水分利用效率也达到最大值。在泥炭渗滤液中种植的植物实现了最高的氮利用效率。对脂质膜损伤的评估表明，无论褪黑素浓度如何，在堆肥渗滤液中生长的植物MDA值最低。在堆肥渗滤液中生长的那些植物中，一些抗营养化合物（硝酸盐、草酸盐和钠）的积累最高。总体而言，在泥炭渗滤液中生长的嫩枝表现出最佳的植物化学特征（总酚含量、总黄酮和抗氧化能力），在施用200μM褪黑素的植物中达到峰值。这些发现表明，利用前茬作物的渗滤液在漂浮系统中可以有效地栽培盐角草，并且外源褪黑素的施用提高了盐角草嫩枝的产量和营养品质。
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