Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Monogr Oral Sci. 2024;32:185-194. doi: 10.1159/000538888. Epub 2024 Jul 1.
Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is defined as hypomineralisation of systemic origin of one to four first permanent molars with or without the involvement of the permanent incisors. In addition to opacities and posteruptive breakdown, hypersensitivity may be a common problem, especially in the molars. Children then often report that hot and cold drinks and meals, toothbrushing, and even air flow cause pain. Therapy approaches to reduce and stop the hypersensitivity include the sealing of affected teeth. Fissure sealants can be placed in mildly affected molars that show no breakdowns in the occlusal surfaces. Thereby, resin-based sealants can be considered for fully erupted teeth, whereas glass ionomers are the treatment of choice in difficult clinical conditions as an interim treatment where isolation is inadequate and the molar has not fully erupted. The aim of this chapter is to describe the phenomenon of hypersensitivity in MIH-affected teeth, to discuss treatment approaches including the placement of sealants as well as the management of posteruptive breakdowns, and to present data on oral health-related quality of life in children suffering from hypersensitivity.
磨牙-切牙牙釉质发育不全（MIH）定义为系统性起源的一颗至四颗第一恒磨牙的矿化不全，伴有或不伴有恒切牙受累。除了不透明和萌出后破裂外，过敏可能是一个常见问题，尤其是在磨牙中。然后，儿童经常报告热饮和冷饮、刷牙甚至气流都会引起疼痛。减少和停止过敏的治疗方法包括对受影响的牙齿进行密封。窝沟封闭剂可放置在轻度受累的磨牙中，这些磨牙的咬合面没有破裂。因此，可以考虑将树脂基密封剂用于完全萌出的牙齿，而玻璃离子体则是在隔离不足和磨牙未完全萌出的困难临床情况下作为临时治疗的首选，以控制过敏。本章的目的是描述 MIH 受累牙齿过敏的现象，讨论包括放置封闭剂在内的治疗方法以及萌出后破裂的处理，并介绍患有过敏症的儿童的口腔健康相关生活质量数据。
