Department of Pathology and Dentistry Clinic, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Monogr Oral Sci. 2024;32:79-87. doi: 10.1159/000538873. Epub 2024 Jul 1.
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a multifaceted concept that surpasses an exclusively clinical perception and includes functional, social, emotional, and environmental issues. The measure of OHRQoL represents a holistic approach for research and clinical practice. Negative impacts of oral conditions on OHRQoL in childhood can reflect on health development, especially in a life stage marked by social and cognitive maturation. Therefore, such problems can impact negatively on the daily lives of the individuals and their families. Individuals with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) experience more frequent posteruptive breakdown, an elevated risk of tooth decay, filling failures, the need for recurrent dental treatment, and a higher prevalence of dental hypersensitivity. Children with severe MIH may struggle with everyday activities, such as brushing their teeth, speaking, smiling, chewing, and consuming hot or cold foods. MIH-affected incisors may exhibit opacities that can impact the aesthetics of their smiles. This condition may discourage children from smiling and can indirectly affect their parents as well. The management modalities are focused on solving functional, aesthetic, and hypersensitivity problems and to evaluate OHRQoL values before and after therapies. Therefore, this chapter aims to discuss how MIH affects the OHRQoL of children and the questionnaires that can be used to evaluate that impact.
口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）是一个多方面的概念，超越了纯粹的临床感知，包括功能、社会、情感和环境问题。OHRQoL 的衡量标准代表了研究和临床实践的整体方法。口腔状况对儿童 OHRQoL 的负面影响可能会反映在健康发展上，尤其是在社会和认知成熟的人生阶段。因此，这些问题可能会对个人及其家庭的日常生活产生负面影响。患有磨牙前磨牙矿化不全（MIH）的个体经历更多的后萌出破裂，龋齿风险增加，填充失败，需要反复进行牙科治疗，以及更高的牙齿过敏发生率。患有严重 MIH 的儿童可能在日常活动中遇到困难，例如刷牙、说话、微笑、咀嚼和食用热或冷的食物。受 MIH 影响的切牙可能会出现影响其笑容美观的不透明度。这种情况可能会使儿童不愿意微笑，并间接地影响他们的父母。治疗方法侧重于解决功能、美观和过敏问题，并在治疗前后评估 OHRQoL 值。因此，本章旨在讨论 MIH 如何影响儿童的 OHRQoL 以及可用于评估这种影响的问卷。
