Université Côté d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France.
Université Côté d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France.
Trends Neurosci. 2024 Oct;47(10):803-818. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.003. Epub 2024 Sep 24.
Chirality is a fundamental trait of living organisms, encompassing the homochirality of biological molecules and the left-right (LR) asymmetry of visceral organs and the brain. The nervous system in bilaterian organisms displays a lateralized organization characterized by the presence of asymmetrical neuronal circuits and brain functions that are predominantly localized within one hemisphere. Although body asymmetry is relatively well understood, and exhibits robust phenotypic expression and regulation via conserved molecular mechanisms across phyla, current findings indicate that the asymmetry of the nervous system displays greater phenotypic, genetic, and evolutionary variability. In this review we explore the use of nematode, zebrafish, and Drosophila genetic models to investigate neuronal circuit asymmetry. We discuss recent discoveries in the context of body-brain concordance and highlight the distinct characteristics of nervous system asymmetry and its cognitive correlates.
手性是生物体的基本特征，包括生物分子的手性、内脏器官和大脑的左右（LR）不对称性。两侧对称生物的神经系统表现出一种偏侧化的组织特征，其特征是存在不对称的神经元回路和主要位于一个半球内的大脑功能。尽管身体的不对称性相对较好理解，并且通过跨门纲目保守的分子机制表现出稳健的表型表达和调控，但目前的研究结果表明，神经系统的不对称性表现出更大的表型、遗传和进化可变性。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了利用线虫、斑马鱼和果蝇遗传模型来研究神经元回路的不对称性。我们在身体-大脑一致性的背景下讨论了最近的发现，并强调了神经系统不对称性及其认知相关性的独特特征。
