Ali Zaid, Azam Farooq, Mushtaq Bushra, Ahmad Sheraz, Ahmad Faheem, Zafar Muhammad Sohail, Rasheed Abher, Khan Muhammad Qamar
School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 27;14(1):22116. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73052-0.
Flame retardant (FR) finishing is crucial for developing protective textiles, traditionally relying on halogen, phosphorus, and phosphorus-nitrogen chemistries, which have limitations like toxicity and fabric stiffening. Innovative approaches such as nanotechnology, plasma treatments, and natural resource-based finishes are being explored to achieve sustainable FR textiles. This study presents the development and comprehensive characterization of hydrogel composites made from nonwoven fabrics composed of various hemp/wool blends (70/30, 80/20, and 90/10). The nonwoven fabrics were treated with a chitosan hydrogel incorporating banana sap to enhance their properties. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examined the surface morphology and structural integrity of the composites, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified chemical interactions and functional groups. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) revealed thermal properties, water absorbency tests demonstrated hydrophilicity, mechanical testing assessed tensile strength, and vertical flammability tests evaluated fire resistance. SEM and FTIR revealed a successful coating of chitosan hydrogel with banana sap inclusions onto the hemp/wool nonwoven fabric, forming a composite structure. DSC analysis suggests higher chitosan content and hemp fiber ratio (like 70/30) lead to increased thermal stability of hydrogel composites. Higher chitosan concentrations in the hydrogel significantly improve the flame-retardant properties of hemp/wool nonwoven fabrics by reducing char length and enhancing protective char layer formation, with banana sap further promoting charring. These results indicate that the developed composite can be effectively used in flame-retardant textiles.
阻燃整理对于开发防护纺织品至关重要，传统上依赖于卤素、磷和磷氮化学方法，但这些方法存在毒性和织物变硬等局限性。目前正在探索纳米技术、等离子体处理和基于自然资源的整理等创新方法，以实现可持续的阻燃纺织品。本研究介绍了由各种大麻/羊毛混纺（70/30、80/20和90/10）组成的非织造布制成的水凝胶复合材料的开发和全面表征。对非织造布进行了含有香蕉汁的壳聚糖水凝胶处理，以增强其性能。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查了复合材料的表面形态和结构完整性，而傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）确定了化学相互作用和官能团。差示扫描量热仪（DSC）揭示了热性能，吸水性测试证明了亲水性，机械测试评估了拉伸强度，垂直燃烧性测试评估了阻燃性。SEM和FTIR显示壳聚糖水凝胶与含香蕉汁的物质成功地涂覆在大麻/羊毛非织造布上，形成了复合结构。DSC分析表明，较高的壳聚糖含量和大麻纤维比例（如70/30）会导致水凝胶复合材料的热稳定性提高。水凝胶中较高的壳聚糖浓度通过减少炭长和增强保护性炭层的形成，显著提高了大麻/羊毛非织造布的阻燃性能，香蕉汁进一步促进了炭化。这些结果表明，所开发的复合材料可有效地用于阻燃纺织品。
