Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 27;14(1):22284. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72651-1.
The removal of pollutants from the environment has become a global demand. The current study aimed to relieve the Ni toxicity effect on the germination, growth, and grain yield of maize by using Azolla pinnata as a phytoremediator. Azolla-treated and untreated nickel solutions [0 (control), 24, 70, 140 and 190 ppm] were applied for germination and pot experiments. Electron microscope examination cleared the Ni accumulation in Azolla's cell vacuole and its adsorption on the cell wall. The inhibition of the hydrolytic enzyme activity reduces maize germination; maximal inhibition was 57.1% at 190 ppm of Ni compared to the control (100%). During vegetative growth, Ni stimulated the generation of HO (0.387 mM g F Wt at 190 ppm of Ni), which induced maximal lipid peroxidation (3.913 µMDA g F Wt) and ion leakage (74.456%) compared to control. Chlorophyll content and carbon fixation also showed significant reductions at all Ni concentrations; at 190 ppm, they showed maximum reductions of 56.2 and 63%, respectively. However, detoxification enzymes' activity such as catalase and antioxidant substances (phenolics) increased. The highest concentration of Ni (190 ppm) had the most effect on constraining yield, reaching zero for the weight of 100 grains at 190 ppm of Ni. Azolla-treated Ni solutions amended all determinant parameters, indicating a high percentage of changes in hydrolytic enzyme activity (125.2%) during germination, chlorophyll content (77.6%) and photosynthetic rate (120.1%). Growth measurements, carbon fixation, and yield components showed a positive association. Thus, we recommended using Azolla as a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy to recover Ni-polluted water.
从环境中去除污染物已成为全球需求。本研究旨在利用满江红作为一种植物修复剂来缓解镍对玉米萌发、生长和籽粒产量的毒性效应。用满江红处理和未处理的镍溶液[0（对照）、24、70、140 和 190 ppm]进行萌发和盆栽实验。电子显微镜检查表明镍在满江红细胞液泡中的积累及其对细胞壁的吸附。水解酶活性的抑制降低了玉米的萌发；与对照相比（100%），在 190 ppm 的 Ni 下最大抑制率为 57.1%。在营养生长期间，Ni 刺激 HO 的产生（在 190 ppm 的 Ni 下为 0.387 mM g F Wt），与对照相比，诱导了最大的脂质过氧化（3.913 µMDA g F Wt）和离子渗漏（74.456%）。叶绿素含量和碳固定也在所有 Ni 浓度下均表现出显著降低；在 190 ppm 时，它们的最大降幅分别为 56.2%和 63%。然而，解毒酶如过氧化氢酶和抗氧化物质（酚类）的活性增加。最高浓度的 Ni（190 ppm）对产量的限制作用最大，在 190 ppm 的 Ni 下，100 粒重达到零。满江红处理的 Ni 溶液修正了所有决定因素参数，表明在萌发过程中水解酶活性（125.2%）、叶绿素含量（77.6%）和光合速率（120.1%）发生了很大的变化。生长测量、碳固定和产量组成呈正相关。因此，我们建议使用满江红作为一种具有成本效益和环保的策略来回收含镍废水。
