Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Neurology, University Medical Center HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
J Headache Pain. 2024 Sep 27;25(1):158. doi: 10.1186/s10194-024-01868-2.
This study aimed to elucidate the nature and extent of the associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and migraine through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases without a specified start date until June 2, 2024. Cross-sectional and cohort studies analyzing the risk of migraine in individuals with DM and vice versa were included. Studies without at least age and sex adjustments were excluded. Data were extracted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
Eight cross-sectional studies (131,361 patients with DM and 1,005,604 patients with migraine) and four cohort studies (103,205 patients with DM patients and 32,197 patients with migraine) were included. Meta-analyses of the cross-sectional studies showed no significant overall association between DM and migraine. Subgroup analyses revealed that type 1 diabetes reduced the odds of having migraine (OR 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-0.77), while migraine without aura (MO) increased the odds of having DM (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.39). The cohort studies indicated that DM decreased the risk of developing migraine (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.90), and a history of migraine increased the risk of developing DM (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17).
DM, particularly type 1 diabetes, is negatively associated with migraine occurrence, whereas migraine, especially MO, is positively associated with DM occurrence. However, most of the results remained at a low or very low level of evidence, indicating the need for further research.
本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析阐明糖尿病（DM）与偏头痛之间关联的性质和程度。
我们检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus 数据库，没有指定起始日期，检索时间截至 2024 年 6 月 2 日。纳入分析糖尿病患者偏头痛风险和反之偏头痛患者糖尿病风险的横断面和队列研究。排除未至少进行年龄和性别调整的研究。提取数据以计算比值比（OR）和风险比（HR）。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表评估偏倚风险。
纳入 8 项横断面研究（131361 例糖尿病患者和 1005604 例偏头痛患者）和 4 项队列研究（103205 例糖尿病患者和 32197 例偏头痛患者）。横断面研究的荟萃分析显示，DM 与偏头痛之间无显著总体关联。亚组分析显示，1 型糖尿病降低了偏头痛发生的几率（OR 0.48，95%置信区间 [CI] 0.30-0.77），而无先兆偏头痛（MO）增加了发生 DM 的几率（OR 1.19，95% CI 1.02-1.39）。队列研究表明，DM 降低了偏头痛发展的风险（HR 0.83，95% CI 0.76-0.90），偏头痛病史增加了发生 DM 的风险（HR 1.09，95% CI 1.01-1.17）。
DM，特别是 1 型糖尿病，与偏头痛的发生呈负相关，而偏头痛，特别是 MO，与 DM 的发生呈正相关。然而，大多数结果仍处于低或极低证据水平，表明需要进一步研究。
