基于 NHANES 2005-2016 研究的健康饮食指数-2015 总分和各成分食物评分与绝经后妇女生殖寿命的关系：一项基于人群的研究。
Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 total and component food scores with reproductive lifespan among postmenopausal women: a population-based study from NHANES 2005-2016.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):2631. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19902-y.
BACKGROUND
Prior research has demonstrated that nutrition plays a crucial role in the establishment and maturation of the reproductive lifetime. Although the specific dietary components involved in preventing or postponing the reproductive lifespan are still unknown, a healthy diet can affect the reproductive lifespan. Here, the study aimed to explore the relationship between reproductive lifespan and diet quality by utilizing the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015).
METHODS
In this study, a total of 2761 postmenopausal women were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2016. Diet quality was determined using HEI-2015 based on two 24-hour dietary recalls. Reproductive lifespan was defined as the number of years between self-reported age at menarche and menopause. Weighted linear regression and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models were used to analyze the relationship between HEI-2015 and reproductive lifespan. Subsequently, the impact of various components of HEI-2015 on reproductive lifespan was assessed through weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models.
RESULTS
Among 2761 postmenopausal women, the mean age was 63.7 years. 41.5% were obese, and 49.7% were non-Hispanic white. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and medical history, individuals in the highest tertile of HEI-2015 had a 4.81% (95% CI: 1.82-7.79%) longer reproductive time life. Higher HEI-2015 was also significantly associated with a higher likelihood of late menopause (p for trend < 0.05). Based on XGBoost models, the relative importance of HEI-2015 on reproductive lifespan was determined. Whole fruits, whole grains, total protein foods, and greens and beans significantly contributed to extending age at menopause and reproductive time life in the HEI-2015. The weights of the WQS index for age at menopause were 27.1%, 23.2%, 10.1%, and 7.5% respectively, while the weights of the WQS index for reproductive time life were 30.2%, 14.6%, 9.3%, and 14.0% respectively.
CONCLUSION
There is a positive association between the HEI-2015 and reproductive lifespan. This underscores the significance of enhancing adherence to healthy dietary patterns in preventing a shorter reproductive lifespan.
背景
先前的研究表明，营养在生殖寿命的建立和成熟中起着至关重要的作用。虽然预防或推迟生殖寿命的具体饮食成分仍不清楚，但健康的饮食可以影响生殖寿命。在这里，研究旨在通过使用 2015 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2015）来探索生殖寿命与饮食质量之间的关系。
方法
本研究共纳入 2005 年至 2016 年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中的 2761 名绝经后妇女。根据两份 24 小时膳食回顾，使用 HEI-2015 确定饮食质量。生殖寿命定义为从自我报告的初潮年龄到绝经年龄之间的年数。使用加权线性回归和极端梯度提升（XGBoost）模型分析 HEI-2015 与生殖寿命之间的关系。随后，通过加权分位数总和（WQS）回归模型评估 HEI-2015 的各个组成部分对生殖寿命的影响。
结果
在 2761 名绝经后妇女中，平均年龄为 63.7 岁。41.5%的人体重超重，49.7%是非西班牙裔白人。在调整社会人口特征、生活方式因素和病史后，HEI-2015 最高三分位的个体生殖时间寿命延长了 4.81%（95%CI：1.82-7.79%）。更高的 HEI-2015 也与绝经较晚的可能性显著相关（趋势 p<0.05）。基于 XGBoost 模型，确定了 HEI-2015 对生殖寿命的相对重要性。整个水果、全谷物、总蛋白质食品以及绿叶蔬菜和豆类显著延长了绝经年龄和生殖时间寿命。在 HEI-2015 中，绝经年龄 WQS 指数的权重分别为 27.1%、23.2%、10.1%和 7.5%，而生殖时间寿命 WQS 指数的权重分别为 30.2%、14.6%、9.3%和 14.0%。
结论
HEI-2015 与生殖寿命呈正相关。这强调了增强对健康饮食模式的依从性以预防生殖寿命缩短的重要性。
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