Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):630. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06087-2.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum anxiety and the factors influencing it, while also exploring the multiple mediating roles of related factors between social support and postpartum anxiety symptomatology among postpartum women in China.
Between April and August 2023, we recruited a total of 824 postpartum women through a convenience sampling method. These participants completed a series of general survey questionnaires and were evaluated using the depression anxiety stress scale, perceived social support scale, 10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale, maternal postpartum stress scale, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Additionally, we employed a hierarchical multiple regression model to investigate the relevant factors and mediators of postpartum anxiety symptomatology. A structural equation model was used to examine the mediating role of resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems in the relationship between social support and postpartum anxiety symptomatology.
Our study found a postpartum anxiety symptomatology prevalence rate of 18.40%. The factors influencing postpartum anxiety symptomatology included age, education of their husband, mastitis, social support, resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems. Through a multiple mediation analysis, we found that resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems completely mediated the effects of social support on postpartum anxiety symptomatology, with the mediating effect accounting for 83.57% of the total effect.
The multiple mediation analysis revealed that among postpartum women, the impact of social support on postpartum anxiety symptomatology is channeled through resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems. Therefore, enhancing social support, resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems might alleviate postpartum anxiety symptomatology.
本研究旨在评估产后焦虑的患病率及其影响因素，同时探讨中国产后妇女社会支持与产后焦虑症状之间相关因素的多重中介作用。
2023 年 4 月至 8 月，采用便利抽样法共招募了 824 名产后妇女。这些参与者完成了一系列一般调查问卷，并使用抑郁焦虑压力量表、感知社会支持量表、Connor-Davidson 韧性量表、产妇产后应激量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数进行评估。此外，我们还采用分层多元回归模型来探讨产后焦虑症状的相关因素和中介变量。采用结构方程模型来检验社会支持与产后焦虑症状之间的中介变量，即韧性、产后应激和睡眠问题。
我们的研究发现产后焦虑症状的患病率为 18.40%。影响产后焦虑症状的因素包括年龄、丈夫的受教育程度、乳腺炎、社会支持、韧性、产后应激和睡眠问题。通过多重中介分析，我们发现韧性、产后应激和睡眠问题完全中介了社会支持对产后焦虑症状的影响，中介效应占总效应的 83.57%。
多重中介分析表明，在产后妇女中，社会支持对产后焦虑症状的影响是通过韧性、产后应激和睡眠问题来实现的。因此，增强社会支持、韧性、产后应激和睡眠问题可能会减轻产后焦虑症状。
