Xiong Yindi, Barkema Herman W, Yang Jingyue, Kastelic John P, Nobrega Diego B, Li Xiaoping, Tong Xiaofang, Fan Zhenying, Gao Jian
College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Sep 6;13(9):854. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13090854.
In China's expanding dairy industry, a lack of oversight regarding antimicrobial use and increasing antimicrobial resistance are evident. Selective treatments of dairy cows for clinical mastitis or dry cow therapy are proposed to promote judicious antimicrobial use without adversely impacting cattle health. These approaches have been successfully implemented on farms in other countries.
On 28 October 2023, a 2-day in-person seminar was held in Beijing, China, on selective antimicrobial treatments of dairy cows for clinical mastitis or dry cow therapy on large Chinese dairy farms. Concurrently, a qualitative study involving 15 technical managers from the 13 largest Chinese dairy groups used focus group discussions and questionnaires to explore perspectives on selective treatments of dairy cows for clinical mastitis or dry cow therapy. The main outcomes assessed were opinions and concerns regarding implementing selective antimicrobial treatments.
Although there was diversity of cognition on AMR and selective treatments, the technical managers were generally positive regarding adoption of selective treatments. However, they expressed a need for more evidence and tools, including anticipated economic impacts, effects of delaying treatment until diagnosis, accurate interpretation of milk recording data, safe use of internal teat sealants, and spread of pathogens. Participants stressed the need for awareness, staff training, farm management, and China-specific standards, suggesting large-scale trials to assess efficacy of selective treatments.
The findings revealed key challenges and barriers currently impeding selective AMU practices. These insights could inform efforts to promote judicious AMU on farms through targeted treatment regimens, reducing mounting selective pressure driving resistance.
在中国不断发展的乳业中，抗菌药物使用缺乏监管以及抗菌药物耐药性不断增加的问题十分明显。有人提议对奶牛进行临床乳腺炎或干奶期治疗的选择性处理，以促进抗菌药物的合理使用，同时又不会对奶牛健康产生不利影响。这些方法已在其他国家的农场成功实施。
2023年10月28日，在中国北京举办了一场为期两天的线下研讨会，主题是中国大型奶牛场奶牛临床乳腺炎或干奶期治疗的抗菌药物选择性处理。同时，一项定性研究对来自中国13家最大奶牛集团的15名技术经理进行了焦点小组讨论和问卷调查，以探讨对奶牛临床乳腺炎或干奶期治疗选择性处理的看法。评估的主要结果是关于实施抗菌药物选择性处理的意见和担忧。
尽管对抗菌药物耐药性和选择性处理的认知存在差异，但技术经理们总体上对采用选择性处理持积极态度。然而，他们表示需要更多证据和工具，包括预期的经济影响、延迟治疗至确诊的影响、奶量记录数据的准确解读、内用乳头封闭剂的安全使用以及病原体传播。参与者强调了提高认识、员工培训、农场管理和中国特定标准的必要性，并建议进行大规模试验以评估选择性处理的效果。
研究结果揭示了目前阻碍抗菌药物选择性使用做法的关键挑战和障碍。这些见解可为通过有针对性的治疗方案促进农场合理使用抗菌药物的努力提供参考，减少导致耐药性的不断增加的选择压力。
