Sun Wuliang, Dong Junhui, Gao Xiaobo, Chen Baodong, Nan Ding
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Sep 14;17(18):4514. doi: 10.3390/ma17184514.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a versatile polymer, is extensively used across many industries, such as chemicals, food, healthcare, textiles, and packaging. However, research on applying PVA to triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) remains limited. Consequently, we chose PVA as the primary material to explore its contact electrification mechanisms at the molecular level, alongside materials like Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Our findings show that PVA has the highest band gap, with the smallest band gap occurring between the HOMO of PVA and the LUMO of PTFE. During molecular contact, electron transfer primarily occurs in the outermost layers of the molecules, influenced by the functional groups of the polymers. The presence of fluorine atoms enhances the electron transfer between PVA and PTFE to maximum levels. Experimental validation confirmed that PVA and PTFE contact yields the highest triboelectric performance: of 128 V, of 2.83 µA, of 82 nC, and an output power of 384 µW. Moreover, P-TENG, made of PVA and PTFE, was successfully applied in self-powered smart devices and monitored human respiration and bodily movements effectively. These findings offer valuable insights into using PVA in triboelectric nanogenerator technologies.
聚乙烯醇（PVA）是一种用途广泛的聚合物，在许多行业中都有广泛应用，如化工、食品、医疗保健、纺织和包装等。然而，将PVA应用于摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）的研究仍然有限。因此，我们选择PVA作为主要材料，与聚乙烯（PE）、聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）和聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）等材料一起，在分子水平上探索其接触起电机制。我们的研究结果表明，PVA具有最高的带隙，PVA的最高占据分子轨道（HOMO）与PTFE的最低未占据分子轨道（LUMO）之间的带隙最小。在分子接触过程中，电子转移主要发生在分子的最外层，这受到聚合物官能团的影响。氟原子的存在将PVA与PTFE之间的电子转移增强到最大水平。实验验证证实，PVA与PTFE接触产生的摩擦电性能最高：开路电压为128V，短路电流为2.83µA，电荷量为82nC，输出功率为384µW。此外，由PVA和PTFE制成的P-TENG成功应用于自供电智能设备，并有效地监测了人体呼吸和身体运动。这些发现为在摩擦电纳米发电机技术中使用PVA提供了有价值的见解。
