Frącz Wiesław, Ryzińska Grażyna, Skoczylas Leszek, Bąk Łukasz, Janowski Grzegorz
Department of Materials Forming and Processing, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstancow Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Manufacturing Processes and Production Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstancow Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Sep 14;17(18):4528. doi: 10.3390/ma17184528.
In this work, a laminate based on bioresin and natural fibers was produced. Flax fabric was selected as the natural fiber. The biocomposite was subjected to strength tests. Stress-strain characteristics and strength indicators were determined. The workability of the laminate produced was also tested using milling technology. The tests were carried out using five carbide shank cutters for different purposes. The cutters with the geometry used in the processing of polymer materials and composites, general purpose cutters, and cutters with the geometry for aluminum and with different numbers of blades were analyzed. In order to obtain information on the workability of the prepared material, machining tests with different configurations of technological parameters were carried out. For each cutter, the effect of cutting speed and feed rate on the quality of the machined surface was tested. Due to the small thickness of the laminate, the machining was carried out in one pass, as a result of which the cutting depth in each case was constant. Changes in cutting speed and feed were evenly distributed over five levels. The quality of machining was assessed in two stages. The first stage included a visual assessment of the machined surface, involving a preliminary qualification of the machining parameters. The criterion was the amount of chips, frays, burrs, etc., remaining after machining that adhered to the surface. The next stage was the measurement of the geometric structure of the surface, during which the roughness parameters were analyzed using an optical microscope with a roughness analysis attachment. Quantitative analysis was performed for the best quality composite surfaces from each measurement series. The studies showed a dependence of the quality of machining on the technological parameters used. High tool speed, regardless of the type, especially at low feed, led to the sticking of chips, which had a very delicate form. In turn, low tool speed and high feed, due to the chip thickness, favored the formation of burrs. Machining with different types of tools showed that the process progresses better for tools with sharp blade geometry. Machining with a regular and polished cutter did not show any differences in the scope of the process progress.
在这项工作中，制备了一种基于生物树脂和天然纤维的层压板。选择亚麻织物作为天然纤维。对该生物复合材料进行了强度测试，测定了应力-应变特性和强度指标。还采用铣削技术对所制备层压板的加工性能进行了测试。使用五把不同用途的硬质合金刀柄铣刀进行测试。分析了用于聚合物材料和复合材料加工的具有特定几何形状的铣刀、通用铣刀以及用于铝加工且具有不同刀片数量的铣刀。为了获取有关所制备材料加工性能的信息，进行了不同工艺参数配置的加工试验。对于每把铣刀，测试了切削速度和进给速度对加工表面质量的影响。由于层压板厚度较小，加工采用一次走刀，因此每种情况下的切削深度是恒定的。切削速度和进给量的变化均匀分布在五个水平上。加工质量分两个阶段进行评估。第一阶段包括对加工表面的目视评估，涉及对加工参数的初步鉴定。评判标准是加工后残留在表面上的切屑、磨损、毛刺等的数量。下一阶段是测量表面的几何结构，在此期间使用带有粗糙度分析附件的光学显微镜分析粗糙度参数。对每个测量系列中质量最佳的复合材料表面进行了定量分析。研究表明，加工质量取决于所使用的工艺参数。无论铣刀类型如何，高刀具速度，尤其是在低进给量时，会导致切屑粘连，切屑形态非常细小。反之，低刀具速度和高进给量，由于切屑厚度的原因，有利于毛刺的形成。使用不同类型刀具进行加工表明，对于具有锋利刀片几何形状的刀具，加工过程进展更好。使用规则且经过抛光的铣刀进行加工在加工过程进展方面没有显示出任何差异。
