Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland.
Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Szaserów 128 St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Sep 20;60(9):1532. doi: 10.3390/medicina60091532.
: Obesity is associated with numerous co-morbidities, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. Bariatric surgery is the mainstay of treatment for obesity as the only method with confirmed long-term effects in weight reduction and the remission of comorbidities. Postoperative recommendations leading to changes in dietary habits and changes in digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract after bariatric surgery may additionally influence the levels of laboratory parameters that reflect the metabolic and nutritional status. The purpose of the study was to analyze the possible influence of changes in dietary habits after bariatric surgery on those laboratory results that reflect the metabolic and nutritional status. This was a retrospective study of 88 patients with a history of bariatric surgery. Data were gathered from before the surgery and at 6 months after the surgery and included diet structure and selected laboratory parameters reflecting the metabolic and nutritional status, i.e., levels of fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, proteins, ferrum, ferritin, vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin D and calcium, the red blood cell count and the hematocrit. : Postoperative festive glucose levels were reduced by 14% and were more significant in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. There was an increase of 22% in concentrations of high-density lipoproteins. Triglyceride concentrations were reduced by 32%. Aminotransferase levels decreased by 43% for alanine aminotransferase and by 14% for aspartate aminotransferase. Among the changes in dietary habits, post-bariatric patients had a reduced consumption of red meat and an increased consumption of fish, milk and dairy products and wholegrain products. Vitamin D and ferrum levels were higher after the surgery, whereas vitamin B12 and folic acid levels remained unchanged. : Improved dietary habits of patients after bariatric surgery may lead to changes in laboratory parameters that reflect the ameliorated metabolic and nutritional status of patients after bariatric surgery.
肥胖与多种合并症相关，包括血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病。减重手术是肥胖治疗的主要方法，是唯一被证实具有长期减重效果和缓解合并症的方法。减重手术后推荐的饮食改变和胃肠道消化吸收改变可能会进一步影响反映代谢和营养状况的实验室参数水平。本研究旨在分析减重手术后饮食习惯改变对反映代谢和营养状况的实验室结果的可能影响。这是一项回顾性研究，共纳入 88 例有减重手术史的患者。收集了手术前和手术后 6 个月的数据，包括饮食结构和反映代谢和营养状况的部分实验室参数，即空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、低和高密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶、蛋白质、铁、铁蛋白、维生素 B12、叶酸、维生素 D 和钙、红细胞计数和血细胞比容。术后空腹血糖水平降低了 14%，在 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路手术后的患者中更为显著。高密度脂蛋白浓度增加了 22%。甘油三酯浓度降低了 32%。丙氨酸转氨酶水平降低了 43%，天冬氨酸转氨酶水平降低了 14%。在饮食习惯的改变中，减重后的患者减少了对红肉的摄入，增加了对鱼、牛奶和奶制品以及全谷物产品的摄入。手术后维生素 D 和铁的水平升高，而维生素 B12 和叶酸的水平保持不变。减重手术后患者饮食习惯的改善可能导致反映减重后患者代谢和营养状况改善的实验室参数的变化。
