Gavara Aitor, Vacas Sandra, Navarro-Llopis Vicente
Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola, Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Edificio 6C-5ª Planta, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Insects. 2024 Aug 30;15(9):659. doi: 10.3390/insects15090659.
The invasive mealybug De Lotto (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has rapidly spread in the Mediterranean basin since its detection in 2009 in the Valencia Community in eastern Spain. The use of sticky traps baited with its sex pheromone, (4,5,5-trimethyl-3-methylenecyclopent-1-en-1-yl)methyl acetate, has allowed to determine the geographical distribution of by means of the surveillance network described in the present work. The population monitoring of the pest over a five-year period (2019-2023) has revealed an increase from 31% to 70% of the affected citrus-growing area. The monitoring network has also allowed a better understanding of the pests' biological cycle throughout the year. The populations start growing from March to June and reach their maximum in July-August. During autumn, there is a gradual decline in the population. Although the highest annual populations were detected in 2022 and 2023, the greatest crop losses were recorded in 2020 and 2021, with mean values near 18%. Data suggest that the damage responsible for fruit deformation, and thus the economic losses, are related to the population levels in spring (April-May) rather than those in summer (July-August). The findings of this study can be valuable for future research and development of effective pest control strategies.
自2009年在西班牙东部的巴伦西亚自治区被发现以来，入侵性粉蚧德洛托（半翅目：粉蚧科）已在地中海盆地迅速蔓延。使用以其性信息素（4,5,5-三甲基-3-亚甲基环戊-1-烯-1-基）甲基乙酸酯为诱饵的粘虫板，得以通过本研究中描述的监测网络确定其地理分布。对该害虫进行的为期五年（2019 - 2023年）的种群监测显示，受影响的柑橘种植面积从31%增加到了70%。该监测网络还使人们能更好地了解害虫全年的生物周期。种群数量从3月到6月开始增长，并在7 - 8月达到最大值。在秋季，种群数量逐渐下降。尽管2022年和2023年检测到的年度种群数量最高，但最大的作物损失记录在2020年和2021年，平均值接近18%。数据表明，造成果实变形从而导致经济损失的损害与春季（4 - 5月）的种群数量有关，而非夏季（7 - 8月）。本研究结果对于未来有效害虫防治策略的研究和开发可能具有重要价值。
