Song Ruizhen, Wang Wei, Yu Weidong
Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Sep 14;24(18):5978. doi: 10.3390/s24185978.
Azimuth resolution and swath width are two crucial parameters in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. However, it is difficult for conventional spaceborne SAR to simultaneously achieve high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) due to the minimum antenna area constraint. To mitigate this limitation, some representative HRWS SAR imaging techniques have been investigated, e.g., the azimuth multichannel technique, digital beamforming (DBF) technique, and pulse repetition interval (PRI) variation technique. This paper focus on a comprehensive review of the three techniques with respect to their latest developments. First, some key parameters of HRWS SAR are presented and analyzed to help the reader establish the general concept of SAR. Second, three techniques are introduced in detail, roughly following a simple-to-complex approach, i.e., start with the basic concept, then move to the core principles and classic technical details, and finally report the technical challenges and corresponding solutions. Third, some in-depth insights on the comparison among the three techniques are given. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review and brief perspective on the development of HRWS SAR.
方位分辨率和测绘带宽是星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统中的两个关键参数。然而，由于最小天线面积的限制，传统星载SAR很难同时实现高分辨率宽测绘带（HRWS）。为了缓解这一限制，人们研究了一些具有代表性的HRWS SAR成像技术，例如方位多通道技术、数字波束形成（DBF）技术和脉冲重复间隔（PRI）变化技术。本文重点对这三种技术的最新进展进行全面综述。首先，介绍并分析了HRWS SAR的一些关键参数，以帮助读者建立SAR的总体概念。其次，详细介绍了这三种技术，大致遵循从简单到复杂的方法，即从基本概念入手，再到核心原理和经典技术细节，最后报告技术挑战及相应解决方案。第三，对这三种技术的比较给出了一些深入见解。本文的目的是对HRWS SAR的发展进行综述并给出简要展望。
