Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 19;16(18):3174. doi: 10.3390/nu16183174.
This study examined the anti-obesity effect of royal jelly (RJ) in rats fed with a high-fat diet by targeting the major pathways involved in adipogenesis and lipolysis. In addition, it examined whether this effect is AMPK-dependent. Five groups of adult male albino rats were used ( = 6 each as 1); the control rats were fed with a normal diet (2.9 kcal), and the other groups were as follows: control + RJ (300 mg/kg), HFD (4.75 kcal), HFD + RJ (300 mg/kg), and HFD + RJ (300 mg/kg) + dorsomorphin (an AMPK inhibitor) (0.2 mg/kg). RJ was administered orally to all rats. With no changes in food and energy intake, RJ significantly reduced gains in body weight, fat weight, body mass index (BMI), the Lee index, abdominal circumference (AC), and the adiposity index (AI). It also reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and the circulatory levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL-c in the HFD-fed rats. RJ also increased serum glycerol levels and adiponectin levels, but reduced the serum levels of leptin, IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, RJ reduced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α from isolated WAT. At the tissue level, the HFD + RJ rats exhibited a smaller adipocyte size compared to the HFD rats. At the molecular level, RJ increased the phosphorylation of AMPK, SREBP1, and ACC-1 and increased the mRNA and protein levels of HSL and ATG in the WAT of the HFD rats. In concomitance, RJ increased the mRNA levels of PGC-α1, reduced the protein levels of PPARγ, and repressed the transcriptional activities of PPARγ, SREBP1, and C/EBPαβ in the WAT of these rats. All the aforementioned effects of RJ were prevented by co-treatment with dorsomorphin. RJ exerts a potent anti-obesity effect in rats that is mediated by the AMPk-dependent suppression of WAT adipogenesis and the stimulation of lipolysis.
本研究通过靶向脂肪生成和脂解的主要途径，研究蜂王浆（RJ）对高脂肪饮食喂养大鼠的抗肥胖作用。此外，还研究了这种作用是否依赖于 AMPK。使用五组成年雄性白化大鼠（每组 6 只，1）；对照组大鼠喂食正常饮食（2.9 千卡），其余各组如下：对照组+RJ（300mg/kg）、HFD（4.75 千卡）、HFD+RJ（300mg/kg）和 HFD+RJ（300mg/kg）+dorsomorphin（AMPK 抑制剂）（0.2mg/kg）。RJ 经口给予所有大鼠。在不改变食物和能量摄入的情况下，RJ 显著降低了体重、脂肪重量、体重指数（BMI）、Lee 指数、腹围（AC）和肥胖指数（AI）的增加。它还降低了 HFD 喂养大鼠的空腹血糖和胰岛素水平、HOMA-IR 以及循环游离脂肪酸（FFA）、甘油三酯、胆固醇和 LDL-c 水平。RJ 还增加了血清甘油水平和脂联素水平，但降低了血清瘦素、IL-6 和 TNF-α水平。此外，RJ 减少了从分离的 WAT 分泌的 IL-6 和 TNF-α。在组织水平上，与 HFD 大鼠相比，HFD+RJ 大鼠的脂肪细胞大小更小。在分子水平上，RJ 增加了 AMPK、SREBP1 和 ACC-1 的磷酸化，并增加了 HFD 大鼠 WAT 中 HSL 和 ATG 的 mRNA 和蛋白水平。同时，RJ 增加了 PGC-α1 的 mRNA 水平，降低了 PPARγ 的蛋白水平，并抑制了这些大鼠 WAT 中 PPARγ、SREBP1 和 C/EBPαβ 的转录活性。RJ 的所有上述作用均被 dorsomorphin 共同处理所阻止。RJ 对大鼠具有强大的抗肥胖作用，这是通过 AMPK 依赖性抑制 WAT 脂肪生成和刺激脂肪分解来介导的。
