Abnormal thalamocortical network dynamics in patients with migraine and its relationship with electroacupuncture treatment response.

Acupuncture is an effective and safe alternative treatment to prevent and treat migraine, but its central analgesic mechanism remains poorly understood. It is believed that the dysfunction of the thalamocortical connectivity network is an important contributor to migraine pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the abnormal thalamocortical network dynamics in patients with migraine without aura (MWoA) before and after an 8-week electroacupuncture treatment. A total of 143 patients with MWoA and 100 healthy controls (HC) were included, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired. Dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) was calculated for each subject. The modulation effect of electroacupuncture on clinical outcomes of migraine, dFNC, and their association were investigated. In our results, dFNC matrices were classified into two clusters (brain states). As compared with the HC, patients with MWoA had a higher proportion of brain states with a strong thalamocortical between-network connection, implying an abnormal balance of the network organization across dFNC brain states. Correlation analysis showed that this abnormality was associated with summarized clinical measurements of migraine. A total of 60 patients were willing to receive an 8-week electroacupuncture treatment, and 24 responders had 50% changes in headache frequency. In electroacupuncture responders, electroacupuncture could change the abnormal thalamocortical connectivities towards a pattern more similar to that of HC. Our findings suggested that electroacupuncture could relieve the symptoms of migraine and has the potential capacity to regulate the abnormal function of the thalamocortical circuits.