Domínguez Tecelli, Puebla Daniel Pech, Fresán Ana, Sheinbaum Tamara, Nieto Lourdes, Robles Rebeca, López Steven R, de la Fuente-Sandoval Camilo, Lara Muñoz Ma Del Carmen, Barrantes-Vidal Neus, Celada-Borja César Augusto, Rosel-Vales Mauricio, Saracco Ricardo
Centro de Investigación en Salud Mental Global, Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz"-UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico.
Comisión Nacional de Salud Mental y Adicciones, Mexico City, Mexico.
Psychiatry Res. 2024 Dec;342:116199. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116199. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Help-seeking barriers differ according to the sociocultural context and country-specific mental healthcare system. More research is needed in low-middle-income countries, where early psychosis programs are still scarce, and the mental health care gap is wide. This study aims to explore predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with mental health service utilization in 481 Mexicans self-reporting psychosis risk symptoms, as well as differences between those who were currently mental health service users (MHSU) and those who were not (non-MHSU). Participants responded to self-reported measures through an online survey. The factors associated with an increased probability of using mental health services were having an occupation, having a medium/high socioeconomic status, an intention to seek help from a mental health professional, fewer help-seeking barriers, moderate/severe anxious symptoms, higher distress associated with psychosis risk symptoms and social functioning impairment. Findings provide relevant information for designing more effective strategies to improve help-seeking, early identification, and timely treatment delivery in Mexico. The need to generate strategies focused on reducing stigma, enhancing psychosis literacy in the community, and increasing the identification of emerging signs of psychosis in primary healthcare professionals is highlighted, mainly when co-occurring with other psychiatric symptoms.
寻求帮助的障碍因社会文化背景和特定国家的精神卫生保健系统而异。在中低收入国家，早期精神病项目仍然稀缺，精神卫生保健差距很大，因此需要更多的研究。本研究旨在探讨481名自我报告有精神病风险症状的墨西哥人在精神卫生服务利用方面的诱发因素、促成因素和需求因素，以及当前精神卫生服务使用者（MHSU）和非使用者（非MHSU）之间的差异。参与者通过在线调查对自我报告的测量方法做出回应。与使用精神卫生服务可能性增加相关的因素包括有工作、社会经济地位中等/较高、有意向精神卫生专业人员寻求帮助、寻求帮助的障碍较少、中度/重度焦虑症状、与精神病风险症状相关的更高痛苦以及社会功能受损。研究结果为设计更有效的策略提供了相关信息，以改善墨西哥的寻求帮助、早期识别和及时治疗。强调了制定侧重于减少耻辱感、提高社区精神病知识水平以及增加初级卫生保健专业人员对精神病新出现症状识别能力的策略的必要性，尤其是当与其他精神症状同时出现时。
