College of Fisheries, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Sci Data. 2024 Sep 28;11(1):1059. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-03891-z.
In nature, diploids and tetraploids are two common types of polyploid evolution. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (mud loach) is a remarkable fish species that exhibits both diploid and tetraploid forms. However, reconstructing the four haplotypes of its autotetraploid genome remains unresolved. Here, we generated the first haplotype-resolved, chromosome-level genome of autotetraploid M. anguillicaudatus with a size of 4.76 Gb, contig N50 of 6.78 Mb, and scaffold N50 of 44.11 Mb. We identified approximately 2.9 Gb (61.03% of genome) of repetitive sequences and predicted 91,485 protein-coding genes. Moreover, allelic gene expression levels indicated the absence of significant dominant haplotypes within the autotetraploid loach genome. This genome will provide a valuable biological model for unraveling the mechanisms of polyploid formation and evolution, adaptation to environmental changes, and benefit for aquaculture applications and biodiversity conservation.
在自然界中，二倍体和四倍体是两种常见的多倍体进化类型。泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）是一种具有显著特征的鱼类，其存在二倍体和四倍体两种形式。然而，对于其同源四倍体基因组的四个单倍型的重建仍然尚未解决。在这里，我们生成了第一个同源四倍体泥鳅的单倍型解析、染色体水平基因组图谱，大小为 4.76Gb，contig N50 为 6.78Mb，scaffold N50 为 44.11Mb。我们鉴定出大约 2.9Gb（基因组的 61.03%）的重复序列，并预测了 91485 个蛋白质编码基因。此外，等位基因表达水平表明同源四倍体泥鳅基因组中不存在显著的显性单倍型。该基因组将为揭示多倍体形成和进化、适应环境变化的机制，以及水产养殖应用和生物多样性保护提供有价值的生物学模型。
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