Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 5000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Eur J Med Res. 2024 Sep 28;29(1):470. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-02070-5.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, present significant risks to maternal and fetal health. While immediate complications are well-documented, emerging research highlights potential neurocognitive impacts on both mothers and their offspring. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on these neurocognitive outcomes associated with HDP, focusing on preeclampsia and eclampsia. A literature search was conducted for studies published from 2000 to February 2024. Maternal outcomes, including memory, executive function, and psychosocial well-being, were assessed across 11 studies, while fetal and neonatal neurocognitive outcomes were explored in five studies. Consistent findings indicate that preeclampsia and eclampsia are linked to impairments in maternal cognitive functions and psychosocial health. Offspring exposed to these conditions in utero also show cognitive deficits and alterations in brain connectivity. Contributing factors include placental dysfunction, altered angiokine levels, maternal stress, and socioeconomic variables. To mitigate these impacts, future research should focus on clarifying the underlying mechanisms and developing early interventions. This review emphasizes the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches to improve neurocognitive outcomes for both mothers and their children affected by preeclampsia and eclampsia.
妊娠高血压疾病（HDP），如子痫前期和子痫，对母婴健康存在重大风险。虽然即时并发症已有详细记录，但新出现的研究强调了它们对母亲及其后代可能存在的神经认知影响。本综述综合了与 HDP 相关的这些神经认知结果的证据，重点关注子痫前期和子痫。从 2000 年到 2024 年 2 月进行了文献检索，以评估 11 项研究中的母亲结局，包括记忆、执行功能和社会心理健康，而胎儿和新生儿神经认知结局则在 5 项研究中进行了探讨。一致的研究结果表明，子痫前期和子痫与母亲认知功能和社会心理健康受损有关。在子宫内暴露于这些情况的后代也表现出认知缺陷和大脑连接改变。促成因素包括胎盘功能障碍、血管生成素水平改变、母体应激和社会经济变量。为了减轻这些影响，未来的研究应侧重于阐明潜在机制并开发早期干预措施。本综述强调了采取多学科方法的必要性，以改善受子痫前期和子痫影响的母亲及其子女的神经认知结果。
