Geological Survey of India, NCEGR, Bengaluru 560111, India; Geological Survey of India, State Unit Karnataka and Goa, Bengaluru 560111, India.
Geological Survey of India, State Unit Karnataka and Goa, Bengaluru 560111, India; Geological Survey of India, Central Chemical Laboratory, Kolkata 700016, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:135962. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135962. Epub 2024 Sep 25.
This study probes the water quality, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentrations, and the associated environmental and human health implications, in forty one surface water bodies in Bengaluru metropolis, southern India. The pH in 54 %, TDS in 63 %, Ni in 12 %, and U, Mo, Pb, Cr, Co, and Cu in 5 % of the forty one water bodies exceed the WHO's permissible limits for drinking purpose. Total dissolved solids display a significant positive correlation with Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, and Ni, suggesting the association of these elements with particulate matter. Sources of metal pollution include industries in the city's west (high levels of Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, and Cu), traffic in the city Centre (Mo), and geogenic (U) sources in the city's north, east, and south. The degree of contamination is high in 25 %, moderate in 10 %, and low in 65 % of the forty one water bodies, with the highest degree of contamination in Narasappanehalli Lake in the industrial zone, Deepanjali Nagara Lake, and Govindraj Nagar drainage systems. Uranium, Pb, and Mo display a low to medium degree of contamination, whereas Cr, Co, Ni, and Cu display a medium to high degree of contamination. The non-carcinogenic risk through ingestion of contaminated water is medium to high for adults and children and the carcinogenic risk is high in all water bodies. Channels transport contaminated water from Bengaluru water bodies to the Pinakani and Cauvery Rivers and then to the northern Indian Ocean. The states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu rely on water from these rivers for domestic and agricultural use exposing large populations to contaminated waters. Additionally, contaminated waters can negatively impact flora and fauna of Peninsular India as well as the marine biota of the northern Indian Ocean.
本研究探查了印度南部班加罗尔大都市 41 个地表水体内的水质，包括 pH 值、总溶解固体 (TDS) 和潜在有毒元素 (PTE) 浓度，以及这些因素对环境和人类健康的影响。在这 41 个水体中，有 54%的 pH 值、63%的 TDS 值、12%的 Ni 以及 5%的 U、Mo、Pb、Cr、Co 和 Cu 超过了世界卫生组织 (WHO) 规定的饮用水限值。总溶解固体与 Pb、Cr、Co、Cu 和 Ni 呈显著正相关，表明这些元素与颗粒物有关。金属污染的来源包括城市西部的工业（高 Pb、Cr、Co、Ni 和 Cu 水平）、市中心的交通（Mo）以及城市北部、东部和南部的地质成因（U）来源。在 41 个水体中，有 25%的污染程度较高，10%的污染程度中等，65%的污染程度较低，污染程度最高的是工业区的 Narasappanehalli 湖、Deepanjali Nagara 湖和 Govindraj Nagar 排水系统。U、Pb 和 Mo 的污染程度属于低到中等，而 Cr、Co、Ni 和 Cu 的污染程度属于中到高。通过摄入受污染的水，成年人和儿童面临的非致癌风险为中到高，所有水体的致癌风险都很高。水道将受污染的水从班加罗尔水体输送到 Pinakani 和 Cauvery 河流，然后再输送到北印度洋。卡纳塔克邦和泰米尔纳德邦依赖这些河流的水用于家庭和农业用途，使大量人口面临受污染水的威胁。此外，受污染的水可能会对印度半岛的动植物区系以及北印度洋的海洋生物群产生负面影响。
