Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Nov;196:106985. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106985. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Birds are known to act as the parasite reservoir and can transmit them to other organisms through food chains. This study aims to report the molecular prevalence and phylogenetic evaluation of various blood borne pathogens (Toxoplasma gondii, Isospora spp., Plasmodium spp., Haemoproteus spp., Leucocytozoan spp. and Neospora caninum) in blood samples of common Myna (Acridotheres tristis: N = 80) collected from four region (Jhang, Khanewal, Multan and Muzaffargarh) in Punjab Pakistan. Effect of pathogens on the complete blood count of the host was also determined. Results revealed by 2/80 Myna (2.5 %) amplified ITS-1 gene of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii (confirmed by DNA sequencing) while 2/80 (2.5 %) birds amplified 18S rDNA gene and Isospora spp. Phylogenetic analysis of both pathogens showed that Pakistani isolates were clustered together and were closely related to isolates that were reported from worldwide countries. Risk factor analysis revealed that prevalence of both pathogens was not restricted to a particular sampling site or a particular bird sex (P > 0.05). T. gondii infected birds had elevated red cell distribution width while Isospora sp. infected birds had elevated % monocytes and platelet distribution width while decreased mean cell hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelets hematocrit than their respective uninfected birds. In conclusion, we are reporting the presence of T. gondii and Isospora sp. among Pakistani common Myna that had disturbed the complete blood count parameters that may have affected their normal physiology.
鸟类已知可以作为寄生虫的储存宿主，并通过食物链将寄生虫传播给其他生物体。本研究旨在报告从巴基斯坦旁遮普省四个地区（詹哈、汗瓦利、木尔坦和木尔坦）采集的普通八哥（Acridotheres tristis：N=80）血液样本中各种血液传播病原体（刚地弓形虫、等孢球虫、疟原虫、血变原虫、白细胞原虫和新生隐孢子虫）的分子流行率和系统发育评估。还确定了病原体对宿主全血细胞计数的影响。结果显示，80 只八哥中有 2 只（2.5%）扩增出刚地弓形虫（Toxoplasma）（T.） gondii 的 ITS-1 基因（通过 DNA 测序确认），而有 2 只（2.5%）鸟类扩增出 18S rDNA 基因和等孢球虫属。两种病原体的系统发育分析表明，巴基斯坦分离株与来自世界各国的分离株聚类在一起，且亲缘关系密切。风险因素分析显示，这两种病原体的流行并不局限于特定的采样地点或特定的鸟类性别（P>0.05）。感染刚地弓形虫的鸟类红细胞分布宽度升高，而感染等孢球虫的鸟类单核细胞和血小板分布宽度升高，而平均细胞血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度和血小板血细胞比容降低，与各自未感染的鸟类相比。总之，我们报告了在巴基斯坦普通八哥中存在刚地弓形虫和等孢球虫属，这可能扰乱了全血细胞计数参数，从而影响了它们的正常生理机能。
