Trends in incidence and mortality for gynaecological cancers in Southeastern China during 2011-2020: a retrospective analysis of registry data.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to investigate the changes in the incidence and mortality trends of ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC) and uterine cancer (UC) in the Fujian Province, southeastern China.

DESIGN

Provincial, population-based, retrospective observational study.

SETTING

Fujian province, southeastern China between 2011-2020.

PARTICIPANTS

From 2011 to 2020, 6178 new cases and 2037 deaths caused by 3 gynaecological cancers were eligible for analysis.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES

The primary outcome measures were the incidence and mortality rates, including the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR), of three gynaecological cancers. The secondary outcome measure was the prevalence (average annual per cent changes (AAPC)).

RESULTS

The incidence of all three gynaecological cancers increased from 2011 to 2020. CC had the slowest upward trend, with an AAPC of 2.54% over the period. However, it had the highest ASIR among the 3 cancers in 2020 (10.41/100 000). UC showed a rapid increase, with an AAPC of 15.15% from 2016 to 2020. While the mortality rate of UC remained stable, both CC and OC also exhibited rising trends, with the CC having the highest ASMR (3.05/100 000) in 2020. The ASMR for CC increased rapidly, with the highest AAPC of 5.51%. Conversely, changes in the ASMR for UC were not statistically significant (p=0.601). Moreover, high incidence rates were more common among perimenopausal women and older participants in the respective cancer groups where the increased mortality was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Gynaecological cancer burden remains a public health issue in Fujian Province, with an increasing incidence. Improving the healthcare system and promoting a healthy lifestyle should be highlighted to reduce the cancer burden.