Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, Wales, UK.
Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, Wales, UK.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2024 Dec;93:102660. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102660. Epub 2024 Sep 10.
The primary objective of this study was to examine the secular trends of cervical, ovarian, and corpus uteri neoplasm in Wales, UK, over the period from 2002 to 2021. We aimed to identify changes in the incidence and mortality rates of these cancers to inform future healthcare policies and cancer prevention programs.
We sourced incidence data from 2002 to 2019 and mortality data from 2002 to 2021 from the Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit. The data were analysed using Joinpoint regression to compute the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 population for each type of cancer.
The results showed that the ASIR for cervical cancer remained stable between 2002 and 2019 (AAPC = -0.5; 95 %CI = -1.4-0.4). However, the ASMR significantly declined from 4.88 in 2002-3.03 in 2021 (AAPC = -2.3; 95 %CI = -3.4 to -1.1). The ASIR for ovarian cancer significantly decreased from 27.39 in 2002-17.87 in 2019 (AAPC = -2.6; 95 %CI = -3.0 to -2.1), and the ASMR showed a statistically significant decreasing trend from 15.92 in 2002-11.2 in 2021 (AAPC = -1.7; 95 %CI = -2.5 to -0.9). In contrast, the ASIR for corpus uteri neoplasm significantly increased from 22.24 in 2002-30.41 in 2019 (AAPC = 2.2; 95 %CI = 1.2-3.4), and ASMR also showed a statistically significant increasing trend from 3.27 in 2002-6.42 in 2021 (AAPC = 3.8; 95 %CI = 2.3-5.3).
The study concludes that while the incidence and mortality rates for cervical and ovarian cancers in Wales have significantly decreased, corpus uteri neoplasm rates have increased during the study period. These findings underscore the need for continued efforts to improve early detection and treatment strategies, including national screening programs and public health initiatives, to mitigate the burden of these cancers.
本研究的主要目的是探讨 2002 年至 2021 年期间英国威尔士地区宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫体癌的时间趋势。我们旨在确定这些癌症的发病率和死亡率变化，以为未来的医疗保健政策和癌症预防计划提供信息。
我们从威尔士癌症情报和监测单位获取了 2002 年至 2019 年的发病率数据和 2002 年至 2021 年的死亡率数据。使用 Joinpoint 回归分析来计算每一种癌症的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）和死亡率（ASMR）的年均变化百分比（AAPC），每 100,000 人口。
结果显示，2002 年至 2019 年期间宫颈癌的 ASIR 保持稳定（AAPC = -0.5；95%CI = -1.4-0.4）。然而，2002 年至 2021 年期间，ASMR 显著下降，从 4.88 降至 3.03（AAPC = -2.3；95%CI = -3.4 至 -1.1）。2002 年至 2019 年期间，卵巢癌的 ASIR 从 27.39 降至 17.87（AAPC = -2.6；95%CI = -3.0 至 -2.1），ASMR 从 2002 年的 15.92 呈统计学显著下降趋势至 2021 年的 11.2（AAPC = -1.7；95%CI = -2.5 至 -0.9）。相比之下，2002 年至 2019 年期间，子宫体癌的 ASIR 从 22.24 显著增加至 30.41（AAPC = 2.2；95%CI = 1.2-3.4），ASMR 也从 2002 年的 3.27 呈统计学显著上升趋势至 2021 年的 6.42（AAPC = 3.8；95%CI = 2.3-5.3）。
研究得出结论，尽管威尔士地区宫颈癌和卵巢癌的发病率和死亡率显著下降，但子宫体癌的发病率在研究期间有所上升。这些发现强调需要继续努力改善早期发现和治疗策略，包括国家筛查计划和公共卫生举措，以减轻这些癌症的负担。
