Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, University of Health Sciences, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Nurs Crit Care. 2024 Nov;29(6):1610-1618. doi: 10.1111/nicc.13164. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
Medical devices commonly used for the treatment and care of critically ill patients can cause pressure injuries in intensive care units (ICUs). The endotracheal tube (ETT) is one of the most common medical devices to cause pressure injuries.
This study investigated the incidence of, characteristics of and risk factors for ETT-related pressure injuries for ICU patients.
This study adopted a prospective descriptive research design. The sample consisted of 146 endotracheally intubated patients. Data were collected using a patient information form, an Endotracheal Tube-Related Pressure Injuries Assessment Form, the Braden Risk Assessment Tool and the Nutritional Assessment Test.
The study revealed that 80.14% of the patients developed ETT-related pressure injuries. Over half of the ETT-related pressure injuries appeared on Day 3 or 4 (56.41%). High body mass index was found to be associated with the development of ETT-related pressure injuries (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05-1.26, p = .003). None of the other variables were statistically significant in the development of pressure injuries.
The incidence of ETT-related pressure injuries was quite high in the internal, surgical and anaesthesia ICUs. High body mass index was associated with the development of ETT-related pressure injuries. Intensive care nurses should implement interventions to prevent ETT-related pressure injuries in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation support.
ETT-related pressure injuries are common in ICU patients. High body mass index was associated with the development of ETT-related pressure injuries in critically ill patients. The skin and mucosa should be assessed for the development of ETT-related pressure injuries during the daily assessment of the patients receiving mechanical ventilation support. The ETT should be repositioned regularly, and the most suitable ETT fixation method should be used.
重症监护病房（ICU）中用于治疗和护理危重症患者的医疗器械常可导致压疮。气管内插管（ETT）是导致压疮最常见的医疗器械之一。
本研究调查 ICU 患者 ETT 相关压疮的发生率、特征和危险因素。
本研究采用前瞻性描述性研究设计。样本包括 146 例气管插管患者。使用患者信息表、气管内插管相关压疮评估表、Braden 风险评估工具和营养评估测试收集数据。
研究显示，80.14%的患者发生 ETT 相关压疮。超过一半的 ETT 相关压疮出现在第 3 天或第 4 天（56.41%）。高身体质量指数与 ETT 相关压疮的发生有关（OR：1.15，95%CI：1.05-1.26，p=0.003）。其他变量在压疮发生中均无统计学意义。
内科、外科和麻醉 ICU 中 ETT 相关压疮的发生率相当高。高身体质量指数与 ETT 相关压疮的发生有关。重症监护护士应实施干预措施，预防机械通气支持的危重症患者发生 ETT 相关压疮。
ETT 相关压疮在 ICU 患者中很常见。高身体质量指数与危重症患者 ETT 相关压疮的发生有关。对接受机械通气支持的患者进行日常评估时，应评估皮肤和黏膜是否发生 ETT 相关压疮。应定期重新定位 ETT，并使用最合适的 ETT 固定方法。
