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预防西班牙学童的情绪问题:超级技能多媒体计划促进社会情绪技能的有效性。

Prevention of Emotional Problems in Spanish Schoolchildren: Effectiveness of the Super Skills Multimedia Program to Promote Social-Emotional Skills.

机构信息

Universidad Miguel Hernández (Spain).

出版信息

Span J Psychol. 2024 Sep 30;27:e21. doi: 10.1017/SJP.2024.27.

DOI:10.1017/SJP.2024.27
PMID:39344588
Abstract

Compared to traditional psychosocial interventions, the transdiagnostic approach focuses on common processes or factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of emotional problems. In Spain, the Super Skills Program has proven its effectiveness, but issues with displacement or scheduling for families can hinder access to the intervention. This study aims to examine the program's effectiveness in preventing children's psychosocial problems through learning socio-emotional skills when self-administered via the Internet. Participants were 283 Spanish children between the ages of 8 and 12. The children and their parents completed anxiety and depression scales before and after receiving the intervention and 12 months later. The program consisted of 8 self-applied sessions, at a rate of two per week, which included emotional education, cognitive restructuring, self-regulation techniques, training in social skills, problem-solving, and video feedback with cognitive preparation. Significant differences in anxiety and depression symptoms were found after the intervention. A significant reduction in anxiety scores and a marginally significant decrease in depression scores was observed at the long-term follow-up. The "intention to treat" analysis revealed a tendency for children who improved to drop out of the program, completing the intervention children with more symptomathology. Learning socio-emotional skills through a self-applied intervention via the Internet effectively reduced emotional symptoms in school children and is a valuable resource to improve child well-being and prevent future psychological problems.

摘要

与传统的心理社会干预相比,跨诊断方法侧重于导致情绪问题发展和维持的共同过程或因素。在西班牙,超级技能计划已被证明是有效的,但家庭的搬迁或日程安排问题可能会阻碍对干预措施的获得。本研究旨在通过互联网自我管理来学习社会情感技能,检验该计划在预防儿童心理社会问题方面的有效性。参与者为 283 名年龄在 8 至 12 岁之间的西班牙儿童。在接受干预和 12 个月后,儿童及其父母完成了焦虑和抑郁量表的测试。该计划由 8 个自我应用的课程组成,每周两次,包括情感教育、认知重构、自我调节技术、社交技能训练、解决问题以及带有认知准备的视频反馈。干预后,焦虑和抑郁症状均有显著差异。在长期随访中,焦虑评分显著降低,抑郁评分略有降低。“意向治疗”分析显示,症状改善的儿童有退出计划的趋势,完成干预的儿童症状更为明显。通过互联网自我应用干预学习社会情感技能可有效减轻学龄儿童的情绪症状,是改善儿童福祉和预防未来心理问题的宝贵资源。

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