Chen Yong-Ming, Gong Run-Na, Wang Xingeng, Desneux Nicolas, Zang Lian-Sheng
State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides; Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Jan;81(1):450-461. doi: 10.1002/ps.8447. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Caligula japonica, commonly known as Japanese giant silkworm (JGS), is a serious defoliating pest of fruit and forest trees in East Asia. To develop eco-friendly and cost-effective control methods for this pest, we evaluated the potential for biological control of JGS using its egg parasitoid Anastatus gansuensis reared on the Chinese oak silkworm (COS) Antheraea pernyi. We compared the reproductive traits and population increase potential of the parasitoid on JGS and COS eggs, as well as its functional response to host egg densities and mutual interference at different parasitoid densities.
Anastatus gansuensis was confirmed to be strictly synovigenic, with most eggs maturing post-emergence, and produced <1% male offspring on both host eggs. Although A. gansuensis females reared from COS eggs had longer longevity and oviposition period, and higher fecundity and net reproductive rate compared to those reared from JGS eggs, the parasitoid had a higher intrinsic rate of increase on JGS than COS eggs. The parasitoid exhibited a type II functional response to increasing host densities, with mutual interference among foraging female wasps occurred at higher parasitoid densities.
Our results indicate a high potential for biological control of JGS using A. gansuensis. The parasitoid can be efficiently reared on COS eggs and used against JGS. It may be essential to provide food for emerging adult parasitoids allowing time for egg maturation prior to the rearing or augmentative release of the parasitoid. Some mutual interference at high parasitoid rearing densities likely reduces per capita parasitization efficiency of A. gansuensis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
日本柞蚕（Caligula japonica），俗称日本大蚕蛾（JGS），是东亚地区水果和林木的一种严重食叶害虫。为开发针对这种害虫的生态友好且经济高效的防治方法，我们评估了利用在中国柞蚕（COS）柞蚕（Antheraea pernyi）上饲养的卵寄生蜂甘肃缺翅姬蜂（Anastatus gansuensis）对日本柞蚕进行生物防治的潜力。我们比较了该寄生蜂在日本柞蚕和中国柞蚕卵上的生殖特性和种群增长潜力，以及其对寄主卵密度的功能反应和在不同寄生蜂密度下的相互干扰情况。
确认甘肃缺翅姬蜂为严格的产雄孤雌生殖，大多数卵在羽化后成熟，在两种寄主卵上产生的雄性后代均不到1%。尽管与在日本柞蚕卵上饲养的雌蜂相比，在中国柞蚕卵上饲养的甘肃缺翅姬蜂雌蜂寿命更长、产卵期更长、繁殖力更高且净生殖率更高，但该寄生蜂在日本柞蚕卵上的内禀增长率高于在中国柞蚕卵上。该寄生蜂对寄主密度增加表现出II型功能反应，在较高的寄生蜂密度下，觅食雌蜂之间会发生相互干扰。
我们的结果表明利用甘肃缺翅姬蜂对日本柞蚕进行生物防治具有很高的潜力。该寄生蜂可以在中国柞蚕卵上高效饲养并用于防治日本柞蚕。在饲养或增殖释放该寄生蜂之前，为羽化的成年寄生蜂提供食物，使其有时间让卵成熟可能至关重要。在高寄生蜂饲养密度下的一些相互干扰可能会降低甘肃缺翅姬蜂的人均寄生效率。© 2024化学工业协会。
