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用于从废汽车催化剂酸性浸出液中高选择性分离钯的新型二硫代酰胺萃取剂。

Novel dithioamide extractant for highly selective separation of Pd from acidic leach liquors of waste auto-catalysts.

作者信息

Li Fan, Wang Junlian, Liu Lu, Zhu Yangge, Li Yong

机构信息

School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing 30 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100083 China

BGRIMM Technology Group, State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Beijing 100160 China.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2024 Sep 27;14(42):30971-30981. doi: 10.1039/d4ra05248j. eCollection 2024 Sep 24.

DOI:10.1039/d4ra05248j
PMID:39346522
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11429227/
Abstract

The development of novel efficient extractants for Pd recovery from high acidic chloride media leaching solutions has always been an important task. In this study, a novel pincer extractant ,'-dibutyl--phenyldithioamide (DBTB-4) was successfully synthesized, and its structure was confirmed by FT-IR, H NMR, C NMR (DEPT 135), ESI-HRMS and EA. The possibility of Pd recovery from leaching liquors of waste auto-catalysts by DBTB-4 was evaluated. The Pd extraction mechanism by DBTB-4 from chloride media was studied. DBTB-4 has rapid extraction kinetics for Pd (<30 min), strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd at acidity of ≤4 mol per L HCl. There are no precipitants or a third phase generation during Pd extraction using a mixture of kerosene and isooctanol with / of 1 : 3 as diluent. DBTB-4 quantitatively extracts Pd with DBTB-4/Pd molar ratio of 1 : 1 through coordination with Pd the two S atoms and the carbon in the phenyl between the two thioamide groups forming two five-membered chelate rings. The extracted complex can be written as (L-H)PdCl, where L stands for one molecular of DBTB-4. DBTB-4 can quantitatively and selectively extract Pd from leaching liquors of waste auto-catalysts leaving nearly all Pt, Rh and base metals in the raffinate.

摘要

开发用于从高酸性氯化物介质浸出液中回收钯的新型高效萃取剂一直是一项重要任务。在本研究中，成功合成了一种新型钳形萃取剂，'-二丁基--苯基二硫代酰胺（DBTB-4），并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、氢核磁共振（H NMR）、碳核磁共振（C NMR，DEPT 135）、电喷雾高分辨质谱（ESI-HRMS）和元素分析（EA）对其结构进行了确认。评估了DBTB-4从废汽车催化剂浸出液中回收钯的可能性。研究了DBTB-4从氯化物介质中萃取钯的机理。DBTB-4对钯具有快速萃取动力学（<30分钟），在盐酸酸度≤4摩尔/升时对钯具有强萃取能力和特定选择性。以煤油和异辛醇体积比为1 : 3的混合物作为稀释剂萃取钯时，不会产生沉淀或第三相。DBTB-4通过与钯配位，以DBTB-4/钯摩尔比为1 : 1定量萃取钯，两个硫原子和两个硫代酰胺基团之间苯基上的碳形成两个五元螯合环。萃取络合物可写成（L-H）PdCl，其中L代表一个分子的DBTB-4。DBTB-4可以从废汽车催化剂浸出液中定量、选择性地萃取钯，使萃余液中几乎所有的铂、铑和贱金属都得以保留。

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