Lin Cherng-Yuan, Tseng Shun-Lien
Department of Marine Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
ACS Omega. 2024 Sep 9;9(38):39767-39775. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04991. eCollection 2024 Sep 24.
TiO nanoparticles are full of porosity that can be impregnated with a strong alkaline catalyst CHONa to form a TiO/CHONa catalyst. TiO of the anatase phase, which is a semiconductor material, has been a prominent photocatalyst due to its excited photocatalyst activity, chemical and biological stability, and nontoxicity. The CHONa compound has been widely used as a catalyst for transesterification. Although the synthesized photocatalyst TiO powder with CHONa is anticipated to greatly enhance the transesterification efficiency, leading to improving biodiesel properties, relevant studies have not been found. After the photocatalyst was prepared, a reactant mixture of palm oil, methanol, and heterogeneous catalyst TiO/CHONa was illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light from light-emitting diode (LED) lamps. The experimental results revealed that the formation of fatty acid methyl esters was significantly increased to 98.4% with ultraviolet-light illumination for the molar ratio of methanol/palm oil equal to 6 and 3 wt % catalyst addition. The decrease of the catalyst amount to 2 wt % resulted in a slight decrease of the fatty acid methyl esters to 97.06 wt %. The lowest kinematic viscosity and acid value and the highest distillation temperature, heating value, and cetane index were observed under the above reaction conditions. The distillation temperature and cetane index were increased while the acid value was decreased under ultraviolet illumination on the reactant mixture. Consequently, the optimum preparing conditions for biodiesel production were 6 and 3 wt % for the molar ratio of methanol/palm oil and catalyst addition under UV-light irradiation.
二氧化钛纳米颗粒具有丰富的孔隙率，可浸渍强碱催化剂甲醇钠以形成二氧化钛/甲醇钠催化剂。锐钛矿相的二氧化钛作为一种半导体材料，因其激发的光催化活性、化学和生物稳定性以及无毒特性，一直是一种突出的光催化剂。甲醇钠化合物已被广泛用作酯交换反应的催化剂。尽管预期合成的含甲醇钠的光催化剂二氧化钛粉末能大大提高酯交换效率，从而改善生物柴油性能，但尚未发现相关研究。制备光催化剂后，将棕榈油、甲醇和非均相催化剂二氧化钛/甲醇钠的反应混合物用发光二极管（LED）灯发出的紫外光照射。实验结果表明，当甲醇/棕榈油的摩尔比为6且催化剂添加量为3 wt%时，在紫外光照射下脂肪酸甲酯的生成量显著增加至98.4%。催化剂用量降至2 wt%导致脂肪酸甲酯略有下降至97.06 wt%。在上述反应条件下观察到最低的运动粘度和酸值以及最高的蒸馏温度、热值和十六烷指数。在反应物混合物进行紫外照射时，蒸馏温度和十六烷指数升高，而酸值降低。因此，生物柴油生产的最佳制备条件是在紫外光照射下，甲醇/棕榈油的摩尔比和催化剂添加量分别为6和3 wt%。
