Vogiantzi Georgia, Metallinou Dimitra, Tigka Maria, Deltsidou Anna, Nanou Christina I
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Department of Midwifery, General and Maternity Hospital "Helena Venizelou", Athens, GRC.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 28;16(8):e68057. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68057. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Bloodstream infections represent a significant concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), constituting a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates. This study aimed to elucidate the etiology, prevalence, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bloodstream infections in NICU settings. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines using the PubMed database to source relevant studies published between 2019 and 2023. Keywords related to bloodstream infections, neonates in NICUs, pathogens, resistance, and susceptibility were employed. Out of the 73 identified articles, eight met the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed a predominance of late-onset sepsis in hospitalized neonates, with , , coagulase-negative staphylococci, Group B , species, , , and being the most commonly isolated pathogens. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles demonstrated resistance among bacteria to ampicillin, gentamicin, and penicillin, while fungi exhibited resistance to amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, and voriconazole. These findings underscore the persistent challenge of bloodstream infections in the NICUs, particularly late-onset sepsis, emphasizing the importance of early detection and appropriate antimicrobial therapy in neonatal care management.
血流感染是新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中的一个重大问题，是新生儿发病和死亡的主要原因之一。本研究旨在阐明NICU环境中血流感染的病因、患病率和抗菌药物耐药模式。根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明指南，使用PubMed数据库进行了一项系统评价，以获取2019年至2023年期间发表的相关研究。使用了与血流感染、NICU中的新生儿、病原体、耐药性和敏感性相关的关键词。在73篇已识别的文章中，有8篇符合纳入标准。研究结果显示，住院新生儿中晚发性败血症占主导地位，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、B组链球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌是最常分离出的病原体。抗菌药物敏感性分析表明，细菌对氨苄西林、庆大霉素和青霉素耐药，而真菌对两性霉素B、氟康唑、氟胞嘧啶、伊曲康唑和伏立康唑耐药。这些发现强调了NICU中血流感染，尤其是晚发性败血症的持续挑战，突出了新生儿护理管理中早期检测和适当抗菌治疗的重要性。
