Castro Silva Beatriz, Serôdio Miguel, Ramos João
Internal Medicine, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, PRT.
Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, PRT.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 28;16(8):e68045. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68045. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Acute ischemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, careful clinical assessment combined with neuroimaging is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and allows other differential diagnoses to be determined. We report a case of an 81-year-old female with a history of hypertension who presented with dysarthria, left central facial paresis, and right oculocephalic deviation. Cranial CT revealed no acute ischemic lesions, and no vessel occlusion was detected in CT angiography. Incidentally, an extra-axial left lateropontine space-occupying lesion with recent bleeding was detected. The patient remained under surveillance with permissive hypertension, without antithrombotic drugs. A clinical worsening with somnolence and left VI and VII nerve palsies followed, motivating cranial CT repetition, which disclosed aggravated bleeding of the space-occupying lesion and an acute right frontal ischemic lesion. Upon discussion with Neurosurgery, no surgery was offered, and the patient was admitted to the Stroke Unit, with strict blood pressure control and delay of antiplatelet initiation. At the time of discharge, the patient showed neurological improvement. Permissive blood pressure regimens in patients with acute ischemic stroke not reperfused are still not well studied when concurrent intracranial tumors exist, where the potential to aggravate/precipitate intratumoral hemorrhage exists. This case report highlights the need to better delineate the strategy regarding blood pressure control in these patients.
急性缺血性中风是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。此外,仔细的临床评估结合神经影像学检查对于准确诊断至关重要,并有助于确定其他鉴别诊断。我们报告一例81岁女性患者,有高血压病史,表现为构音障碍、左侧中枢性面瘫和右侧眼球头眼反射异常。头颅CT未发现急性缺血性病变,CT血管造影未检测到血管闭塞。偶然发现左侧脑桥外侧轴外占位性病变伴近期出血。患者在允许性高血压状态下接受监测,未使用抗血栓药物。随后出现临床恶化,表现为嗜睡及左侧第六和第七颅神经麻痹,促使重复头颅CT检查,结果显示占位性病变出血加重及急性右侧额叶缺血性病变。经与神经外科讨论,未提供手术治疗,患者被收入卒中单元,严格控制血压并延迟启动抗血小板治疗。出院时,患者神经功能有所改善。当并发颅内肿瘤时,对于未再灌注的急性缺血性中风患者,允许性血压方案仍未得到充分研究,因为存在加重/促发肿瘤内出血的可能性。本病例报告强调了更好地明确这些患者血压控制策略的必要性。