Crofts Regan, Morris Amanda J, Quammen David L, Petersell Tessa L, Liebel Spencer W, Podlog Leslie, Fino Peter C
Department of Health and Kinesiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, USA.
J Sport Rehabil. 2024 Sep 30;34(3):194-200. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2023-0383. Print 2025 Mar 1.
The sequelae of concussion may have psychological consequences that affect an athlete's ability to return to play (RTP). However, confidence of RTP readiness is rarely monitored after a concussion.
This study examined the acute and longitudinal implications of concussion on an athlete's confidence to RTP, the relationship between self-reported symptoms and athlete confidence to RTP, and interactions between concussion symptoms, sex, sport type (contact vs noncontact), and confidence to RTP.
Forty-six college athletes (65% female) sustained a concussion and completed the Injury Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport (I-PRRS) scale at 3 timepoints: within 72 hours of injury (acute), within 72 hours of beginning the RTP protocol (pre-RTP), and within 72 hours of being fully cleared to RTP (post-RTP).
Athletes reported acute low confidence after concussion (I-PRRS mean [SD] = 32.59 [18.45]), which improved over time (pre-RTP mean [SD] = 52.11 [9.60]; post-RTP mean [SD] = 57.45 [5.96]). Some athletes returned to competition (post-RTP) with lingering confidence concerns (ie, I-PRRS < 50; 95% CI = 0.03-0.26). Acute symptom severity was associated with worse confidence (P < .001). Sex and sport type (contact vs noncontact) had no relationship with confidence (P = .406, P = .3314, respectively). These results indicate that athletes lack confidence acutely (within 72 h) following concussion.
Although confidence improves over time, those who report greater acute symptoms also exhibit decreased confidence, and some athletes are returning to play with lingering concerns about their confidence (I-PRRS < 50). This preliminary evidence of heterogeneous confidence following concussion encourages the assessment and monitoring of confidence throughout concussion rehabilitation.
脑震荡后遗症可能会产生心理影响，进而影响运动员重返赛场（RTP）的能力。然而，脑震荡后很少对重返赛场准备情况的信心进行监测。
本研究调查了脑震荡对运动员重返赛场信心的急性和长期影响、自我报告症状与运动员重返赛场信心之间的关系，以及脑震荡症状、性别、运动类型（接触性与非接触性）与重返赛场信心之间的相互作用。
46名大学生运动员（65%为女性）发生脑震荡，并在3个时间点完成了运动损伤心理重返赛场准备情况（I-PRRS）量表：受伤后72小时内（急性期）、开始重返赛场方案后72小时内（重返赛场前）、完全获准重返赛场后72小时内（重返赛场后）。
运动员在脑震荡后报告急性期信心较低（I-PRRS均值[标准差]=32.59[18.45]），随着时间推移有所改善（重返赛场前均值[标准差]=52.11[9.60]；重返赛场后均值[标准差]=57.45[5.96]）。一些运动员在仍有信心问题的情况下重返比赛（重返赛场后）（即I-PRRS<50；95%置信区间=0.03-0.26）。急性期症状严重程度与信心较差相关（P<.001）。性别和运动类型（接触性与非接触性）与信心无关（分别为P=.406，P=.3314）。这些结果表明，运动员在脑震荡后急性期（72小时内）缺乏信心。
尽管信心会随着时间推移而提高，但那些报告急性期症状更严重的运动员信心也会降低，一些运动员在对自己的信心仍有担忧的情况下（I-PRRS<50）重返比赛。脑震荡后信心存在异质性的这一初步证据，鼓励在整个脑震荡康复过程中对信心进行评估和监测。
