Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Dec;197:106981. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106981. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
Listeria monocytogenes is the foodborne pathogen responsible for listeriosis in humans. Its ability to grow at refrigeration temperatures, particularly in products that support its growth and have a long-refrigerated shelf-life, poses a significant health risk, especially for vulnerable consumer groups such as pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. A comprehensive analysis of L. monocytogenes in aquatic food products (AFPs) was conducted, examining the prevalence of the bacterium, the associated outbreaks, and the resulting deaths. Data from 66 studies, comprising a total of 19,373 samples, were analysed from the scientific literature to determine prevalence of the pathogen. The mean pooled prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 11 % (95 % CI: 8-14 %) among different AFPs categories. An overview of worldwide listeriosis outbreaks associated with contaminated AFPs between 1980 and 2023 was provided, totalling 1824 cases, including 41 deaths. Furthermore, a compilation of bio-based mitigation strategies was presented, including the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bacteriophages as bio-protective cultures to inhibit L. monocytogenes in AFPs. A variety of predictive microbiology models, based on growth prediction and interaction for L. monocytogenes, were reviewed to assess the effectiveness of control strategies in different types of AFPs, offering insights into pathogen behaviour throughout the production chain. The reported growth models describe primarily the impact of storage temperature on pathogen growth parameters, while interaction models, which reflect the inhibitory effect of LAB against L. monocytogenes, were generally defined using the Jameson-effect approach and Lotka-Volterra models' family (i.e., predator-prey models). Both models can be used to describe the simultaneous growth of two bacterial populations and their interactions (i.e., amensalism and antagonisms). Several Quantitative Risk assessment studies have been conducted for AFP, identifying the food category as a relevant contributor to Listeriosis risk, and providing predictive insight critical influence of storage temperature, food microbiota, product shelf-life, and population aging on the risk posed by L. monocytogenes. More importantly, this quantitative approach can serve as a key tool to assess the effectiveness of specific mitigation and intervention strategies to control the pathogen, such as sampling schemes or bio-preservation techniques.
单增李斯特菌是导致人类李斯特菌病的食源性病原体。它能够在冷藏温度下生长，特别是在那些支持其生长且冷藏保质期较长的产品中，这对孕妇和免疫功能低下等脆弱人群构成了重大健康风险。本研究对水产食品（AFPs）中的单增李斯特菌进行了全面分析，研究了该细菌的流行情况、相关疫情以及由此导致的死亡情况。从科学文献中分析了 66 项研究的数据，这些研究共包含 19373 个样本，以确定病原体的流行情况。不同 AFP 类别中单增李斯特菌的平均 pooled 流行率为 11%（95%CI：8-14%）。本文概述了 1980 年至 2023 年间与受污染 AFP 相关的全球李斯特菌病疫情，共涉及 1824 例病例，其中包括 41 例死亡。此外，本文还介绍了一系列基于生物的缓解策略，包括使用乳酸菌（LAB）和噬菌体作为生物保护培养物来抑制 AFP 中的单增李斯特菌。综述了多种基于预测微生物学的模型，这些模型基于单增李斯特菌的生长预测和相互作用，以评估不同类型 AFP 中控制策略的有效性，为了解病原体在整个生产链中的行为提供了依据。所报道的生长模型主要描述了储存温度对病原体生长参数的影响，而反映 LAB 对单增李斯特菌抑制作用的相互作用模型，通常使用 Jameson 效应方法和 Lotka-Volterra 模型家族（即捕食者-猎物模型）来定义。这两种模型都可用于描述两个细菌种群的同时生长及其相互作用（即，偏利共生和拮抗作用）。已有多项 AFP 的定量风险评估研究，这些研究确定了食品类别是李斯特菌病风险的一个重要贡献因素，并提供了对储存温度、食品微生物群、产品保质期和人口老龄化对单增李斯特菌风险的关键影响的预测性见解。更重要的是，这种定量方法可以作为评估特定缓解和干预策略有效性的关键工具，以控制病原体，例如采样方案或生物保存技术。
