Just keep exploring: Genetics of fish niche adaptation.

Although the diversification of species has fascinated researchers for centuries, we know remarkably little about how behavior influences niche adaptation and the genetic mechanisms through which behavior evolves. In their recent study, Sommer-Trembo et al. (Science, 384, 470-475, 2024) demonstrate a critical role for the regulatory gene cacng5b in modulating phenotypic variation in exploratory behavior in one of the most exceptional adaptive radiations: the African cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika.