Farkas Bence Csaba, Jacquet Pierre Olivier
UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Conseil Départemental Yvelines et Hauts-de-Seine et Centre Hospitalier des Versailles, Institut du Psychotraumatisme de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Versailles, France.
Dev Psychopathol. 2024 Oct 1:1-15. doi: 10.1017/S095457942400155X.
Dimensional models of early life adversity highlight the distinct roles of deprivation and threat in shaping neurocognitive development and mental health. However, relatively little is known about the role of unpredictability within each dimension. We estimated both the average levels of, and the temporal unpredictability of deprivation and threat exposure during adolescence in a high-risk, longitudinal sample of 1354 youth (Pathways to Desistance study). We then related these estimates to later life psychological distress, and Antisocial and Borderline personality traits, and tested whether any effects are mediated by future orientation. High average levels of both deprivation and threat exposure were found to be associated with worse mental health on all three outcomes, but only the effects on Antisocial and Borderline personality traits were mediated by decreased future orientation, a pattern consistent with evolutionary models of psychopathology. Unpredictability in deprivation exposure proved to be associated with increased psychological distress and a higher number of Borderline traits, but with increased future orientation. There was some evidence of unpredictability in threat exposure buffering against the detrimental developmental effects of average threat levels. Our results suggest that the effects of unpredictability are distinct within different dimensions of early life adversity.
早期生活逆境的维度模型突出了剥夺和威胁在塑造神经认知发展和心理健康方面的不同作用。然而，对于每个维度内不可预测性的作用，我们所知相对较少。在一项针对1354名青少年的高风险纵向样本（“停止犯罪之路”研究）中，我们估计了青少年时期剥夺和威胁暴露的平均水平以及时间上的不可预测性。然后，我们将这些估计值与后期生活中的心理困扰、反社会人格特质和边缘型人格特质联系起来，并测试是否有任何影响是通过未来取向介导的。研究发现，剥夺和威胁暴露的高平均水平与所有三个结果方面较差的心理健康状况相关，但只有对反社会人格特质和边缘型人格特质的影响是通过未来取向的降低介导的，这一模式与精神病理学的进化模型一致。剥夺暴露的不可预测性被证明与心理困扰增加和更多的边缘型特质相关，但与未来取向增加有关。有一些证据表明，威胁暴露的不可预测性可以缓冲平均威胁水平对发展的不利影响。我们的结果表明，不可预测性在早期生活逆境的不同维度中的影响是不同的。
