Department of Emergency Medicine, İzmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Soma State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey.
Sci Prog. 2024 Oct-Dec;107(4):368504241264993. doi: 10.1177/00368504241264993.
Patients with epistaxis typically visit the emergency department for initial treatment. According to recent studies, tranexamic acid (TXA) is effective in the treatment of epistaxis. This study compared the therapeutic superiority of saline to that of 500 and 1000 mg doses of topical TXA for the treatment of anterior epistaxis. This phase 4 clinical trial was a randomized, controlled, and double-blind trial. A total of 152 patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 was treated with 1000 mg TXA, Group 2 with 500 mg TXA, and Group 3 with saline. Based on multinomial logistic regression analysis, the bleeding frequency at the 5th minute was 2.9 times and rebleeding status was 4.3 times less in Group 1 (1000 mg TXA) than in Group 3 (saline). There were no differences between the three groups in terms of side effects or salvage therapy. In addition to its superiority in treatment, 1000 mg of TXA is recommended because of the decreased rate of recurrent bleeding and low incidence of side effects.
患者常因鼻出血而前往急诊室接受初步治疗。根据最近的研究，氨甲环酸（TXA）在治疗鼻出血方面有效。本研究比较了生理盐水与局部应用 500mg 和 1000mgTXA 治疗前鼻出血的治疗优势。这是一项 4 期临床试验，采用随机、对照、双盲设计。共有 152 名患者被分为三组。第 1 组接受 1000mgTXA 治疗，第 2 组接受 500mgTXA 治疗，第 3 组接受生理盐水治疗。基于多项逻辑回归分析，第 1 组（1000mgTXA）的第 5 分钟出血频率和再次出血状态分别是第 3 组（生理盐水）的 2.9 倍和 4.3 倍。三组之间在副作用或挽救治疗方面没有差异。除了治疗优势外，还推荐使用 1000mgTXA，因为其降低了复发性出血的发生率和副作用的发生率。
