Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, Software Engineering Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2024 Nov 5;58(44):19774-19784. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c05570. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
High-resolution characterization of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) derived from coal combustion activities is crucial to better understand their health-related risks. In this study, size distribution and elemental composition of individual MNPs from various coal fly ashes (CFAs) collected from a representative coal-fired power plant were analyzed using a single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry technique. Majority (61-80%) of MNPs were identified as multimetal (mm)-MNPs, while the contribution of single metal (sm)-MNPs to the total increased throughout all the CFAs, reaching the highest in fly ash escaped through the stack (EFA). Among Fe-rich MNPs, Fe-sole and Fe-Al matrices were predominant, and Fe-sole MNPs were identified as the important carrier for toxic metals, with the highest mass contributions of toxic metals therein. Toxic potency results showed that the oxidative stress induced by MNPs was 1.2-2.2 times greater than those of <1 μm fractions in CFAs, while the reduction in cell viability showed no significant difference, elucidating that these MNPs can induce more distinct oxidative stress compared to cell toxicity. Based on structural equation model, MNP size can both directly and indirectly regulate the toxic potency, and the indirect regulation is through a size-dependent elemental composition of MNPs, including toxic metals. sm-MNPs and Fe-rich MNPs with Fe-sole, Fe-Cr, and Fe-Zn matrices can regulate the oxidative stress, whereas Cr, Zn, and Pb associated with Fe-sole, Fe-Al, Si-Fe, and Al-Fe MNPs showed significant effects on cell viability.
对源于煤炭燃烧活动的磁铁矿纳米颗粒（MNPs）进行高分辨率的特性描述，对于更好地了解其与健康相关的风险至关重要。在这项研究中，使用单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱飞行时间质谱技术分析了来自代表性燃煤电厂的各种煤飞灰（CFA）中单个 MNPs 的粒径分布和元素组成。大多数（61-80%）MNPs 被鉴定为多金属（mm）-MNPs，而单一金属（sm）-MNPs 对总 MNPs 的贡献在所有 CFA 中均增加，在逃逸烟囱的飞灰（EFA）中达到最高。在富 Fe 的 MNPs 中，Fe 单一组分和 Fe-Al 基质为主导，Fe 单一组分 MNPs 被鉴定为有毒金属的重要载体，其中有毒金属的质量贡献最高。毒性潜力结果表明，MNPs 诱导的氧化应激比 CFA 中<1μm 颗粒高 1.2-2.2 倍，而细胞活力降低没有显著差异，这表明这些 MNPs 可以引起比细胞毒性更明显的氧化应激。基于结构方程模型，MNPs 尺寸可以直接和间接调节毒性潜力，间接调节是通过 MNPs 的尺寸依赖的元素组成，包括有毒金属。sm-MNPs 和富 Fe-MNPs 中的 Fe 单一组分、Fe-Cr 和 Fe-Zn 基质可以调节氧化应激，而与 Fe 单一组分、Fe-Al、Si-Fe 和 Al-Fe MNPs 相关的 Cr、Zn 和 Pb 对细胞活力有显著影响。
