Axon David R, Eckert Becka
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
J Asthma. 2025 Mar;62(3):515-524. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2412311. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
The study objective was to investigate the factors associated with the physical and psychological wellness of United States (US) adults with asthma. This cross-sectional analysis used a sample of 2329 US adults with asthma in the 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. A logistic regression model investigated the association of the following factors and the dependent variables (physical wellness and psychological wellness): age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, employment, healthcare provision, marriage, income, regular physical activity, current smoker, pain, and limitations. Nationally representative estimates were produced through a weighted analysis. The data structure was maintained using cluster and strata variables. The alpha limit was 0.05. Factors associated with higher odds of reporting good physical wellness included: private (versus no) healthcare provision (odds ratio [OR] = 2.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-6.26), good (versus poor) psychological wellness (OR = 6.83, 95% CI = 4.35-10.72), regular (versus no regular) physical activity (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.42-3.34), little/moderate (versus quite a bit/extreme) pain (OR = 3.51, 95% CI = 2.38-5.15) and no (versus any) limitation (OR = 3.73, 95% CI = 2.30-6.06). In the psychological wellness model, those aged ≥70 (OR = 6.18, 95% CI = 2.72-14.07), 60-69 (OR = 4.64, 95% CI = 2.13-10.10), and 50-59 (OR = 4.96, 95% CI = 2.24-11.02) versus those aged 18-29, and good (versus poor) physical wellness (OR = 6.89, 95% CI = 4.34-10.94) were associated with higher odds of reporting good versus poor psychological wellness. These results may be helpful at targeting resources to optimize the wellness of US adults with asthma. Additional studies are needed to determine any temporal associations between these findings.
该研究的目的是调查与美国哮喘成年患者身心健康相关的因素。这项横断面分析使用了2021年医疗支出小组调查数据中的2329名美国哮喘成年患者样本。一个逻辑回归模型研究了以下因素与因变量（身体健康和心理健康）之间的关联：年龄、性别、种族、民族、教育程度、就业情况、医疗保健服务、婚姻状况、收入、定期体育活动、当前吸烟者、疼痛和身体限制。通过加权分析得出全国代表性估计值。使用聚类和分层变量来维持数据结构。α限值为0.05。与报告良好身体健康几率较高相关的因素包括：有私人（相对于无）医疗保健服务（优势比[OR]=2.63，95%置信区间[CI]=1.10-6.26）、良好（相对于较差）的心理健康（OR=6.83，95%CI=4.35-10.72）、定期（相对于不定期）体育活动（OR=2.18，95%CI=1.42-3.34）、轻微/中度（相对于相当多/极度）疼痛（OR=3.51，95%CI=2.38-5.15）以及无（相对于有任何）身体限制（OR=3.73，95%CI=2.30-6.06）。在心理健康模型中，与18-29岁的人相比，70岁及以上（OR=6.18，95%CI=2.72-14.07）、60-69岁（OR=4.64，95%CI=2.13-10.10）和50-59岁（OR=4.96，95%CI=2.24-11.02）的人，以及良好（相对于较差）的身体健康（OR=6.89，95%CI=4.34-10.94）与报告良好心理健康几率较高相关。这些结果可能有助于针对资源进行优化，以改善美国哮喘成年患者的健康状况。需要进一步的研究来确定这些发现之间的任何时间关联。
