马来西亚贝拉原住民对非传染性疾病的知识、态度和实践：一项基于社区的研究。

Knowledge, attitude and practices of indigenous people towards non-communicable disease in Bera, Malaysia: A community-based study.

机构信息

International Islamic University, Kulliyyah of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

International Islamic University, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

出版信息

Med J Malaysia. 2024 Sep;79(5):531-537.

PMID:39352154

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

With the current trend of increasing noncommunicable diseases (NCD), like hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia worldwide and in Malaysia, a comprehensive study is essential to find the local population's knowledge, attitude and practice towards NCD. Little is known about the indigenous people of Orang Asli's health conditions and health-seeking behaviours towards these chronic diseases. The study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) status towards non-communicable disease and its association with demographic background among Orang Asli adults of the Semelai subgroup in central Pahang, Malaysia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 251 adult Semelai people in Bera district, Pahang. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews to obtain socio-demographic data, KAP towards NCD. Bivariate analysis was performed to test the association between the socio-demographic factor and the KAP score.

RESULTS

Among respondents, 57.4% were female, 82.5% were married, and 46.2% completed primary school. The majority were animism believers (83.3%), self-employed (75.3%) and earning less than RM1000 (87.6%). The respondents' ages ranged from 18 to 77, with a mean age of 41.1 (S.D ± 13.9). The prevalence of known type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and dyslipidaemia was 9.6%, 20.7%, and 8.8%, respectively. About 23.1% of respondents have a family history of chronic disease. Regarding KAP parameters, only 12.7% have good knowledge, and 35.5% have good practice in prevention and treatment. However, more than half (59.8%) have a positive attitude towards chronic diseases. This study also showed that higher household income and education levels were positively associated with higher scores of KAP (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

This study presented a low-to-moderate percentage of Orang Asli who have good KAP towards NCD. KAP levels were significantly associated with education levels and household income. Hence, improving education and poverty in the Orang Asli community may successively increase the knowledge level, impart a positive attitude towards NCDs, and improve the practice level toward treatment and prevention.

摘要

简介

随着全球和马来西亚非传染性疾病（NCD）的发病率不断上升，如高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常，有必要进行一项全面的研究，以了解当地人群对 NCD 的知识、态度和实践。关于奥朗阿斯利原住民的健康状况和他们对这些慢性病的求医行为，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在评估马来西亚彭亨州中部贝拉区塞梅莱少数民族成年人的非传染性疾病知识、态度和行为（KAP）状况及其与人口统计学背景的关系。

材料和方法

在彭亨州贝拉区进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入 251 名塞梅莱成年人。通过面对面访谈收集社会人口学数据、对 NCD 的 KAP。进行了单变量分析，以检验社会人口学因素与 KAP 评分之间的关系。

结果

在受访者中，57.4%为女性，82.5%已婚，46.2%完成了小学教育。大多数人是万物有灵论者（83.3%）、个体经营者（75.3%）和收入低于 1000 令吉（87.6%）。受访者年龄在 18 至 77 岁之间，平均年龄为 41.1（S.D ± 13.9）。已知 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）、高血压和血脂异常的患病率分别为 9.6%、20.7%和 8.8%。约 23.1%的受访者有家族慢性病史。在 KAP 参数方面，仅有 12.7%的人具有良好的知识，35.5%的人在预防和治疗方面具有良好的实践。然而，超过一半（59.8%）的人对慢性病持积极态度。这项研究还表明，较高的家庭收入和教育水平与较高的 KAP 评分呈正相关（p<0.001）。