Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, 761211, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Oct 1;196(10):995. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13122-y.
Industrial activities are paramount to sustaining the economy in a rapidly developing nation and global powerhouse like India. Leather industries are important in the country's economic map due to the high revenue and employment generation opportunities. Several of these industries contribute largely to environmental pollution. The pollution of the environment is mainly caused by improper disposal of the tannery effluents that are highly rich in hexavalent chromium, a potent human carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium imparts toxic effects on the biotic components, which include plants, animals, and humans. The review portrays the current status of the Indian leather tanning sector and its impact on the Indian economy. The process of chromium tanning and its adverse effects on the environmental biotic components have been briefly discussed. Phytoremediation of these effluents using suitable hyperaccumulating plants has been suggested as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach for the sustainable restoration of the polluted environment. The mechanism behind the remediation approach and the factors influencing it have been detailed. The manuscript briefly discusses some important advancements in the field of phytoremediation and emerging technologies and concludes by emphasizing further research for sustainable management of tannery wastes.
工业活动对于维持像印度这样一个快速发展的国家和全球大国的经济至关重要。皮革工业在该国的经济版图中占有重要地位，因为它提供了高收入和就业机会。其中一些行业对环境污染的贡献很大。环境污染主要是由于制革废水的不当处理造成的，这些废水中含有大量的六价铬，六价铬是一种很强的人类致癌物。六价铬会对包括植物、动物和人类在内的生物成分产生毒性影响。该综述描述了印度皮革鞣制行业的现状及其对印度经济的影响。简要讨论了铬鞣制过程及其对环境生物成分的不利影响。建议使用合适的超积累植物对这些废水进行植物修复，这是一种环保且具有成本效益的方法，可用于受污染环境的可持续修复。详细讨论了修复方法背后的机制以及影响它的因素。本文简要讨论了植物修复领域的一些重要进展和新兴技术，并强调了进一步研究的必要性，以实现制革废物的可持续管理。
