de Assis Alves Thayllon, de Assis Alves Thammyres, Gazolla Poliana Aparecida Rodrigues, Lima Ângela Maria Almeida, Belizario de Oliveira Mariana, Aniceto da Silva Danilo, Tebaldi de Queiroz Vagner, Ricardo Teixeira Róbson, Vidal Costa Adilson, Miranda Praça-Fontes Milene
Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Chem Biodivers. 2025 Feb;22(2):e202401755. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202401755. Epub 2024 Nov 14.
Weed invasion represents a challenge for farmers, who typically manage it with herbicides. However, this approach raises concerns about environmental and human health, as well as increasing resistance in these plants with continued use. Therefore, exploring alternative methods, such as heterocyclic compounds, triazoles, is essential due to their biological and environmental relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of twelve 1,2,3-triazoles on the germination and early development of Lactuca sativa, Bidens pilosa, and Lolium multiflorum, as well as their impact on cell division in the cells of L. sativa. Triazole derivatives 4a, 4b, 4c, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4k, and 4l exhibited phytotoxicity, showing varying levels of inhibition in germination, germination speed index, and root growth. Chlorinated compounds were the most detrimental to lettuce development. B. pilosa was notably affected by compounds 4h, 4i, 4k, and 4l, while L. multiflorum responded most to triazoles 4c and 4l, with effectiveness comparable to that of the herbicide glyphosate. All derivatives, except 4l, exhibited aneugenic mechanisms of action, and 4a, 4b, 4c, 4e, 4f, and 4g showed clastogenic effects. This study demonstrated the potential of triazoles as effective agents against weed growth, with mechanisms that warrant further investigation for agricultural applications.
杂草入侵对农民来说是一项挑战，他们通常使用除草剂来应对。然而，这种方法引发了对环境和人类健康的担忧，并且随着除草剂的持续使用，杂草的抗药性也在增加。因此，由于其生物学和环境相关性，探索替代方法，如杂环化合物、三唑类化合物，至关重要。本研究旨在评估十二种1,2,3 - 三唑类化合物对生菜、三叶鬼针草和多花黑麦草发芽及早期发育的影响，以及它们对生菜细胞中细胞分裂的影响。三唑衍生物4a、4b、4c、4g、4h、4i、4k和4l表现出植物毒性，在发芽、发芽速度指数和根生长方面呈现出不同程度的抑制作用。含氯化合物对生菜发育的危害最大。三叶鬼针草受化合物4h、4i、4k和4l的影响尤为显著，而多花黑麦草对三唑类化合物4c和4l的反应最为明显，其效果与除草剂草甘膦相当。除4l外，所有衍生物均表现出非整倍体作用机制，且4a、4b、4c、4e、4f和4g表现出致断裂效应。本研究证明了三唑类化合物作为有效防除杂草生长剂的潜力，其作用机制值得在农业应用中进一步研究。
