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人类海马体和背内侧前额叶皮质在社会互动中推断和更新潜在原因。

Human hippocampus and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex infer and update latent causes during social interaction.

机构信息

Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

出版信息

Neuron. 2024 Nov 20;112(22):3796-3809.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.001. Epub 2024 Sep 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.001
PMID:39353432
Abstract

Latent-cause inference is the process of identifying features of the environment that have caused an outcome. This problem is especially important in social settings where individuals may not make equal contributions to the outcomes they achieve together. Here, we designed a novel task in which participants inferred which of two characters was more likely to have been responsible for outcomes achieved by working together. Using computational modeling, univariate and multivariate analysis of human fMRI, and continuous theta-burst stimulation, we identified two brain regions that solved the task. Notably, as each outcome occurred, it was possible to decode the inference of its cause (the responsible character) from hippocampal activity. Activity in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) updated estimates of association between cause-responsible character-and the outcome. Disruption of dmPFC activity impaired participants' ability to update their estimate as a function of inferred responsibility but spared their ability to infer responsibility.

摘要

潜在因果推断是指识别导致结果发生的环境特征的过程。在社会环境中,这个问题尤为重要,因为个体在共同取得成果的过程中可能并非平等地做出了贡献。在这里,我们设计了一项新颖的任务,参与者需要推断出两个角色中哪一个更有可能对共同取得的成果负责。通过使用计算模型、人类 fMRI 的单变量和多变量分析以及连续 theta 爆发刺激,我们确定了两个解决任务的大脑区域。值得注意的是,随着每个结果的出现,都有可能从海马体活动中解码出对其原因(负责的角色)的推断。背内侧前额叶皮层(dmPFC)的活动更新了原因-负责角色与结果之间的关联估计。dmPFC 活动的破坏会损害参与者根据推断的责任更新其估计的能力,但不会影响他们推断责任的能力。

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