Pan Hongxia, Ding Mingfu, Zhu Liang, Sun Xin, Liu Rui, Ai Shaolong, Tian Lu, Wei Quan
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024 Oct 1;25(1):761. doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07877-1.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe, permanent functional changes and has become a global health priority due to its high incidence, cost, and disability rate. Current national epidemiological data on SCI in China are limited and outdated. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive, national cross-sectional investigation of SCI epidemiology in China.
This cross-sectional study included 3055 SCI participants aged 8 to 78 years, conducted from May to September 2023. Data collected encompassed demographic characteristics, employment status, etiology, years lived with disability (YLD), family structure, caregiving status, income, health insurance, paralysis type, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Descriptive statistics analyses were used to assess demographic and injury characteristics. Group differences were assessed using t-tests, one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Significant factors were examined using multivariate regression analysis.
The majority (88.9%) of respondents were aged 15 to 59 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.36:1. Car accidents caused 45.4% of tetraplegia cases, falls caused 35.9% of paraplegia cases, and myelitis was the leading cause of non-traumatic SCI. Among paraplegia participants, 65.5% had complete SCI, while 53.1% of tetraplegia participants had incomplete SCI. Functional improvement was reported by 9.58% of participants. Half (50.3%) of the respondents were unemployed, and 75% had incomes below the national average. HRQoL was significantly lower in the SCI population compared to controls, mainly influenced by injury site, income, age and etiology (p < 0.05).
SCI participants in China exhibit low HRQoL and reemployment rates. Accessible community and vocational rehabilitation programs, alongside robust public medical services, are essential for enhancing reemployment and HRQoL among SCI participants, reducing the overall disease burden.
脊髓损伤（SCI）会导致严重的永久性功能改变，由于其高发病率、高成本和高致残率，已成为全球卫生重点问题。目前中国关于脊髓损伤的全国性流行病学数据有限且陈旧。本研究旨在对中国脊髓损伤流行病学进行全面的全国性横断面调查。
这项横断面研究纳入了2023年5月至9月期间3055名年龄在8至78岁之间的脊髓损伤参与者。收集的数据包括人口统计学特征、就业状况、病因、残疾存活年数（YLD）、家庭结构、照护状况、收入、医疗保险、瘫痪类型以及健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。采用描述性统计分析来评估人口统计学和损伤特征。使用t检验、单因素方差分析和卡方检验评估组间差异。通过多元回归分析检验显著因素。
大多数（88.9%）受访者年龄在15至59岁之间，男女比例为2.36:1。车祸导致45.4%的四肢瘫病例，跌倒导致35.9%的截瘫病例，而脊髓炎是非创伤性脊髓损伤的主要原因。在截瘫参与者中，65.5%为完全性脊髓损伤，而在四肢瘫参与者中，53.1%为不完全性脊髓损伤。9.58%的参与者报告有功能改善。一半（50.3%）的受访者失业，75%的人收入低于全国平均水平。与对照组相比，脊髓损伤人群的健康相关生活质量显著较低，主要受损伤部位、收入、年龄和病因影响（p < 0.05）。
中国的脊髓损伤参与者健康相关生活质量和再就业率较低。可及的社区和职业康复项目以及完善的公共医疗服务对于提高脊髓损伤参与者的再就业率和健康相关生活质量、减轻总体疾病负担至关重要。
